Question

The figure alongside shows a part of a nephron. Answer the questions that follow:

1. In which region of the kidney is the above structure present?
2. Label the parts numbered 1 to 4.
3. What is the technical term for the process that occurs in part 3?
4. Why is fluid X not called urine? Justify your answer.
5. Draw a neat, labelled diagram of the urinary system of a human.

Answer 1

1. The above structure is present in the cortex of the kidney.
2. 1: Afferent arteriole
   2: Efferent arteriole
   3: Glomerulus
   4: Bowman’s capsule
3. The technical term for the process that occurs in part 3 is ultrafiltration.
4. Fluid X is called glomerular filtrate, not urine, because it contains almost all the liquid part of the blood (i.e., plasma), along with most of its organic and inorganic substances, including urea, glucose, amino acids, etc. These substances, along with water, are reabsorbed before urine is formed.
5.