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प्रश्न
State the meaning of the term – (a) atom, (b) molecule, (c) radical – with a suitable example.
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उत्तर
(a) Atom: It is the smallest particle of an element, which is made up of only one kind of atom. Atoms are built up of sub-atomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Example: O - Oxygen atom, H - Hydrogen atom
(b) Molecule: “The smallest particle of a substance which can exist on its own and retains the physical and chemical properties of the substance is called a molecule.”
Example: O2 - Oxygen molecule, H2O - Water molecule
(c) Radical: A radical is an atom of an element or a group of atoms of different elements that behaves as a single unit with a positive or negative charge on it.
Example: \[\ce{NH^+4}\] - Ammonium radical
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
TRUE \ FALSE
Neils Bohr gave the theory to explain the arrangement of protons in an atom.
ANSWER IN DETAIL
State the postulates of the Dalton’s atomic theory.
Define:- Molecule
Fill in the blank
An ion with positive charge is called ______
Name three non-metals/radicals which have valency -1, -2, and -3.
A certain particle ‘X’ has 17 protons, 18 electrons and 20 neutrons.
What is the charge on the particle ?
What is the usual symbol for (a) and electron (b) a proton, and (c) a neutron?
Why is it not possible to see an atom even with the most powerful microscope ?
The electronic configuration of an element Z is 2, 8, 8.
(a) What is the atomic number of the element?
(b) State whether element Z is a metal or a non-metal.
(c) What type of ion (if any) will be formed by an atom of element Z? Why?
(d) What is special about the outermost electron shell of the atom of this element?
(e) Give the name and symbol of element Z.
(f) Name the group of elements to which Z belongs.
Define the following term:
Atom
Elements X and Y have 1 and 7 electrons in their outermost shell respectively.
Which will form positive ion?
The smallest particle of matter that can exist by itself is ______.
State true or false. If false, correct the statement.
The basic unit of an element is molecule.
Assertion: An atom is electrically neutral.
Reason: Atoms have equal number of protons and electrons.
Draw the structure of an atom and explain the position of the sub-atomic particles.
Atoms of different elements having ______ mass numbers, but ______ atomic numbers are called isobars.
Does the solubility of a substance change with temperature? Explain with the help of an example.
Dalton’s atomic theory successfully explained
(i) Law of conservation of mass
(ii) Law of constant composition
(iii) Law of radioactivity
(iv) Law of multiple proportions
What is the fundamental particle of an element?
The ______ are combination of atoms of various elements or the same element.
