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प्रश्न
State the meaning of the term – (a) atom, (b) molecule, (c) radical – with a suitable example.
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उत्तर
(a) Atom: It is the smallest particle of an element, which is made up of only one kind of atom. Atoms are built up of sub-atomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Example: O - Oxygen atom, H - Hydrogen atom
(b) Molecule: “The smallest particle of a substance which can exist on its own and retains the physical and chemical properties of the substance is called a molecule.”
Example: O2 - Oxygen molecule, H2O - Water molecule
(c) Radical: A radical is an atom of an element or a group of atoms of different elements that behaves as a single unit with a positive or negative charge on it.
Example: \[\ce{NH^+4}\] - Ammonium radical
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the names of the elements present in the:-
Ammonia
Fill in the blank
An ion with negative charge is called _______
Give two examples for each of ionic and covalent bond.
Name the particle or particles you would expect to find in :
The orbit of an atom
An atom has 13 protons and 14 neutrons.
What is the atomic number of the atom ?
A certain particle ‘X’ has 17 protons, 18 electrons and 20 neutrons.
What is the atomic numebr of X ?
Fill in the blank
If an atom loses an electron, it acquires ______ a charge.
Name the three subatomic particles present in an atom.
What is the usual symbol for (a) and electron (b) a proton, and (c) a neutron?
What value has been given to the mass of this reference atom ?
State two observations which show that atom is not indivisible.
An atom of an element X may be written as `""_9^4"X"`
(a) What does the figure 9 indicate?
(b) What does the figure 4 indicate?
(c) What is the number of protons in atom X?
(d) What is the number of neutrons in atom X?
(e) What is the number of electrons in atom X?
(f) How many electrons are there in the outermost shell of an atom of element X?
(g) Write the symbol of ion formed by an atom of element X.
A radical take part – unsplit in a chemical reaction and retains its identity in reactions.
With reference to the radical –
- ammonium
- bisulphate
- carbonate
state the group of atoms present in each radical.
State true or false. If false, correct the statement.
The basic unit of an element is molecule.
Define – Atom.
Draw the structure of an atom and explain the position of the sub-atomic particles.
Define the following term with an example.
Non-metal
Atomic models have been improved over the years. Arrange the following atomic models in the order of their chronological order
- Rutherford’s atomic model
- Thomson’s atomic model
- Bohr’s atomic model
Write any two observations which support the fact that atoms are divisible.
What is the fundamental particle of an element?
