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प्रश्न
State the meaning of the term – (a) atom, (b) molecule, (c) radical – with a suitable example.
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उत्तर
(a) Atom: It is the smallest particle of an element, which is made up of only one kind of atom. Atoms are built up of sub-atomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Example: O - Oxygen atom, H - Hydrogen atom
(b) Molecule: “The smallest particle of a substance which can exist on its own and retains the physical and chemical properties of the substance is called a molecule.”
Example: O2 - Oxygen molecule, H2O - Water molecule
(c) Radical: A radical is an atom of an element or a group of atoms of different elements that behaves as a single unit with a positive or negative charge on it.
Example: \[\ce{NH^+4}\] - Ammonium radical
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the names of the elements present in the:-
Ammonia
Define: Relative atomic mass
Name the particles which revolve around the nucleus.
Fill in the blank
An _______ is electrically neutral.
Fill in the blank
A deficiency of electrons produces a ________ charge.
Name the unit in which the radius of an atom is usually expressed.
The electronic configuration of an element Z is 2, 8, 8.
(a) What is the atomic number of the element?
(b) State whether element Z is a metal or a non-metal.
(c) What type of ion (if any) will be formed by an atom of element Z? Why?
(d) What is special about the outermost electron shell of the atom of this element?
(e) Give the name and symbol of element Z.
(f) Name the group of elements to which Z belongs.
How many atoms are there in exactly 12 g of carbon-12 element ? (C = 12 u)
Define the following term:
Atom
The electron shell ______ is nearest to the nucleus.
Deduce from the datum provided.
| Datum | To deduce |
| \[\ce{_11^23Na}\] | Neutron number |
| \[\ce{_6^14C}\] | Mass number |
| \[\ce{_17^37 Cl}\] | Proton number |
Draw the diagrams representing the atomic structures of the following: Neon
Select the correct answer to the statement given below:
The basic unit of matter is not capable of independent existence.
The electronic structure [configuration] of fluorine can be written as 2, 7. In a similar way give the electronic configuration of aluminium
State true or false. If false, correct the statement.
The basic unit of an element is molecule.
An atom of an element has no electron. Will that atom have any mass or not? Can an atom exist without electron? If so then give example.
Which of the following statements made by Dalton has not undergone any change?
______ is the smallest particle of an element.
Dalton’s atomic theory successfully explained
(i) Law of conservation of mass
(ii) Law of constant composition
(iii) Law of radioactivity
(iv) Law of multiple proportions
The most abundant type of atom is the universe is ______.
