मराठी

Solcve: ddxdydx=y(logy–logx+1)

Advertisements
Advertisements

प्रश्न

Solcve: `x ("d"y)/("d"x) = y(log y – log x + 1)`

बेरीज
Advertisements

उत्तर

Given that: `x ("d"y)/("d"x) = y(log y – log x + 1)`

⇒ `x ("d"y)/("d"x) = y[log(y/x) + 1]`

⇒ `("d"y)/("d"x) = y/x[log(y/x) + 1]`

Since, it is a homogeneous differential equation.

∴ Put y = vx

⇒ `("d"y)/("d"x) = "v" + x * "dv"/"dx"`

∴ `"v" + x * "dv"/"dx" = "vx"/x[log("vx"/x) + 1]`

⇒ `"v" + x * "dv"/"dx" = "v"[log "v" + 1]`

⇒ `x * "dv"/"dx" = "v"[log "v" + 1] - "v"`

⇒ `x * "dv"/"dx"` = v  ....[log v + 1 – 1]

⇒ `x * "dv"/"dx" = "v" * log "v"`

⇒ `"dv"/("v"log"v") = "dx"/x`

Integrating both sides, we get

`int "dv"/("v"log"v") = int "dx"/x`

Put log v = t on L.H.S.

`1/"v" "dv"` = dt

∴ `int "dt"/"t" = int "dx"/x`

`log|"t"| = log|x| + log"c"`

⇒ `log|log "v"| = log x"c"`

⇒ log v = xc

⇒ `log(y/x)` = xc

Hence, the required solution is `log(y/x)` = xc.

shaalaa.com
  या प्रश्नात किंवा उत्तरात काही त्रुटी आहे का?
पाठ 9: Differential Equations - Exercise [पृष्ठ १९५]

APPEARS IN

एनसीईआरटी एक्झांप्लर Mathematics Exemplar [English] Class 12
पाठ 9 Differential Equations
Exercise | Q 33 | पृष्ठ १९५

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Show that the differential equation 2yx/y dx + (y − 2x ex/y) dy = 0 is homogeneous. Find the particular solution of this differential equation, given that x = 0 when y = 1.


For the differential equation find a particular solution satisfying the given condition:

`[xsin^2(y/x - y)] dx + x  dy = 0; y = pi/4 "when"  x = 1`


\[\frac{y}{x}\cos\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) dx - \left\{ \frac{x}{y}\sin\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) + \cos\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) \right\} dy = 0\]

(x2 − 2xy) dy + (x2 − 3xy + 2y2) dx = 0


\[x\frac{dy}{dx} = y - x \cos^2 \left( \frac{y}{x} \right)\]

\[x \cos\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) \cdot \left( y dx + x dy \right) = y \sin\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) \cdot \left( x dy - y dx \right)\]

(2x2 y + y3) dx + (xy2 − 3x3) dy = 0


\[x\frac{dy}{dx} - y + x \sin\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) = 0\]

Solve the following initial value problem:
\[x e^{y/x} - y + x\frac{dy}{dx} = 0, y\left( e \right) = 0\]


Solve the following initial value problem:
\[\frac{dy}{dx} - \frac{y}{x} + cosec\frac{y}{x} = 0, y\left( 1 \right) = 0\]


Solve the following initial value problem:
(xy − y2) dx − x2 dy = 0, y(1) = 1


Solve the following initial value problem:
\[\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{y\left( x + 2y \right)}{x\left( 2x + y \right)}, y\left( 1 \right) = 2\]

 


Solve the following initial value problem:
(y4 − 2x3 y) dx + (x4 − 2xy3) dy = 0, y (1) = 1


Solve the following initial value problem:
\[x\frac{dy}{dx} - y + x \sin\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) = 0, y\left( 2 \right) = x\]


Find the particular solution of the differential equation \[\left( x - y \right)\frac{dy}{dx} = x + 2y\], given that when x = 1, y = 0.


Solve the following differential equation : \[\left[ y - x  \cos\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) \right]dy + \left[ y  \cos\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) - 2x  \sin\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) \right]dx = 0\] .


Solve the differential equation: x dy - y dx = `sqrt(x^2 + y^2)dx,` given that y = 0 when x = 1.


Solve the following differential equation:

`"x" sin ("y"/"x") "dy" = ["y" sin ("y"/"x") - "x"] "dx"`


Solve the following differential equation:

`(1 + "e"^("x"/"y"))"dx" + "e"^("x"/"y")(1 - "x"/"y")"dy" = 0`


Solve the following differential equation:

x dx + 2y dx = 0, when x = 2, y = 1


Solve the following differential equation:

`x^2.  dy/dx = x^2 + xy + y^2`


Solve the following differential equation:

(9x + 5y) dy + (15x + 11y)dx = 0


Solve the following differential equation:

(x2 – y2)dx + 2xy dy = 0


State whether the following statement is True or False:   

A homogeneous differential equation is solved by substituting y = vx and integrating it


Find the equation of a curve passing through `(1, pi/4)` if the slope of the tangent to the curve at any point P(x, y) is `y/x - cos^2  y/x`.


State the type of the differential equation for the equation. xdy – ydx = `sqrt(x^2 + y^2)  "d"x` and solve it


F(x, y) = `(sqrt(x^2 + y^2) + y)/x` is a homogeneous function of degree ______.


Solve : `x^2 "dy"/"dx"` = x2 + xy + y2.


Let the solution curve of the differential equation `x (dy)/(dx) - y = sqrt(y^2 + 16x^2)`, y(1) = 3 be y = y(x). Then y(2) is equal to ______.


If a curve y = f(x), passing through the point (1, 2), is the solution of the differential equation, 2x2dy = (2xy + y2)dx, then `f(1/2)` is equal to ______.


Find the general solution of the differential equation:

(xy – x2) dy = y2 dx


Read the following passage:

An equation involving derivatives of the dependent variable with respect to the independent variables is called a differential equation. A differential equation of the form `dy/dx` = F(x, y) is said to be homogeneous if F(x, y) is a homogeneous function of degree zero, whereas a function F(x, y) is a homogeneous function of degree n if F(λx, λy) = λn F(x, y).

To solve a homogeneous differential equation of the type `dy/dx` = F(x, y) = `g(y/x)`, we make the substitution y = vx and then separate the variables.

Based on the above, answer the following questions:

  1. Show that (x2 – y2) dx + 2xy dy = 0 is a differential equation of the type `dy/dx = g(y/x)`. (2)
  2. Solve the above equation to find its general solution. (2)

The solution of the differential equation y2 dx + (x2 − xy + y2)dy = 0 is ______.


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×