Question

List and explain the features of social movements.

Answer 1

• Sustained collective action over time: Social movements are not one-time events; they involve continuous efforts and activities by a group over a period of time to bring about change.
• Directed against the state: Many social movements aim to challenge state policies or institutions when people feel excluded, oppressed, or ignored.
• Takes the form of demanding changes on a public issue: These movements usually raise demands related to social justice, environment, rights, or equality, influencing public opinion and policy.
• Collective action marked by some degree of organisation: Though not always formally structured, social movements involve coordinated efforts, planned strategies, and division of roles.
• Leadership and structure are required: Effective movements need leaders, organisers, and communication channels to guide the movement and maintain momentum.
• Shared objective and ideologies: Members are united by common goals, beliefs, and values, which provide direction and purpose to the movement.