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प्रश्न
Integrate the following w.r.t. x: `(x^2 + 3)/((x^2 - 1)(x^2 - 2)`
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उत्तर
Let I = `int (x^2 + 3)/((x^2 - 1)(x^2 - 2)).dx`
`(x^2 + 3)/((x^2 - 1)(x^2 - 2)) = "A"/(x^2 - 1) + "B"/(x^2 - 2)`
∴ x2 + 3 = A(x2 - 2) + B(x2 - 1)
Put x2 - 1 = 0 i. e. x2 = 1
∴ 1 + 3 = A(1 - 2) + B(1 - 1)
∴ 1 + 3 = A(1 - 2) + 0
∴ 4 = A × -1
∴ A = - 4
Put x2 - 2 = 0 i. e. x2 = 2
∴ `2 + 3 = 0 + B (2 - 1)`
∴ 5 = B × 1
∴ B = 5
I = `int (- 4)/(x^2 - 1^2) "dx" + int 5/(x^2 - (sqrt(2))^2)` dx
I = `- 4 xx 1/(2 xx 1) log |(x - 1)/(x + 1)| + 5 xx 1/(2 xx sqrt2) log |(x - sqrt2)/(x + sqrt2)|` + c ...`[int 1/(x^2 - a^2) dx = 1/(2a) log |(x - a)/(x + a)| + "c"]`
I = `- 2 log |(x - 1)/(x + 1)| + 5/(2 sqrt2) log |(x - sqrt2)/(x + sqrt2)| + c`
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