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प्रश्न
How is the structure of DNA organized?
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उत्तर
DNA is the hereditary material, as it contains genetic information. It is a large molecule consisting of millions of nucleotides, so it is called a polynucleotide. Each nucleotide consists of three components.
(a) A sugar molecule – Deoxyribose sugar
(b) A nitrogenous base – There are two types of nitrogenous base in DNA they are
- Purines (Adenine and Guanine)
- Pyrimidines (Cytosine and Thymine)
(c) A phosphate group – The polynucleotide chains from a double helix. Nitrogenous bases in the centre are linked to sugar-phosphate units, which form the backbone of the DNA. Pairing between the nitrogenous bases is very specific and is always between purine and pyrimidine, linked by hydrogen bonds.
Adenine (A) links Thymine (T) with two hydrogen bonds [A=T]. Cytosine (C) links Guanine (G) with three hydrogen bonds (C = G). The hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases make the DNA molecule stable. The nucleotides in a helix are joined together by phosphodiester bonds.
Structure of DNA
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Name the enzyme and state its property that is responsible for continuous and discontinuous replication of the two strands of a DNA molecule
Correct the following statement by changing the underlined word:
Nitrogen bonds are present between the complementary nitrogenous bases of DNA.
Answer the following question in your own words.
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State whether the following sentence is true or false:
The two DNA chains are parallel to each other.
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Sex chromosomes in man are _____________
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Spirally coiled double strands are observed in ____________
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