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प्रश्न
Give its
(i) graphical representation,
(ii) mathematical expression
(iii) significance
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उत्तर
(i) Graphical representation of Charles's law
T vs V: The relationship between the volume and the temperature of a gas can be plotted on a graph. A straight line is obtained.
(ii) Mathematical expression
Let V0 be the volume of a fixed mass of a gas at 0 °C, and let V be its volume at temperature t °C at, constant pressure. then, according to Charles Law
`"V" = "V"_0 + "V"_0/273 t` (when P is constant)
`"V" = "V"_0 (1 + t/273) = "V"_0 ((273 + t)/273)` .......(1)
`"V" = "V"_0/273 "T" "where" "T" = 273 + "t"`
For a given mass of a gas,
`"V"_0/273 = "constant"`
`"V" = "k" xx "T"` (where k is constant)
(iii) Significance of Charles's Law: The volume of a given mass of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature; hence, the density decreases with temperature. This is the reason that
(a) Hot air is filled in balloons used for meteorological purposes. (b) Cable wires contract in winters and expand in summers.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain Charles's law on the basis of the kinetic theory of matter.
How did Charles's law lead to the concept of an absolute scale of temperature?
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Calculate the final volume of a gas 'X' if the original pressure of the gas at STP is doubled and its temperature is increased three times.
It is found that on heating a gas its volume increases by 50% and its pressure decreases to 60% of its original value. If the original temperature was −15°C, find the temperature to which it was heated.
Taking the volume of hydrogen as calculated in Q.19, what change must be made in Kelvin (absolute) temperature to return the volume to 2500 cm3 (pressure remaining constant)?
State Charles's law.
At a given temperature the pressure of a gas reduces to 75% of its initial value and the volume increases by 40% of its initial value. Find this temperature if the initial temperature was -10°C.
The pressure on one mole of gas at s.t.p. is doubled and the temperature is raised to 546 K. What is the final volume of the gas ? [one mole of a gas occupies a volume of 22.4 litres at stp.]
According to Charles’s law, at constant pressure, the temperature is inversely proportional to volume.
