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प्रश्न
Give its
(i) graphical representation,
(ii) mathematical expression
(iii) significance
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उत्तर
(i) Graphical representation of Charles's law
T vs V: The relationship between the volume and the temperature of a gas can be plotted on a graph. A straight line is obtained.
(ii) Mathematical expression
Let V0 be the volume of a fixed mass of a gas at 0 °C, and let V be its volume at temperature t °C at, constant pressure. then, according to Charles Law
`"V" = "V"_0 + "V"_0/273 t` (when P is constant)
`"V" = "V"_0 (1 + t/273) = "V"_0 ((273 + t)/273)` .......(1)
`"V" = "V"_0/273 "T" "where" "T" = 273 + "t"`
For a given mass of a gas,
`"V"_0/273 = "constant"`
`"V" = "k" xx "T"` (where k is constant)
(iii) Significance of Charles's Law: The volume of a given mass of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature; hence, the density decreases with temperature. This is the reason that
(a) Hot air is filled in balloons used for meteorological purposes. (b) Cable wires contract in winters and expand in summers.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
How did Charles's law lead to the concept of an absolute scale of temperature?
It is found that on heating a gas its volume increases by 50% and its pressure decreases to 60% of its original value. If the original temperature was −15°C, find the temperature to which it was heated.
An LPG cylinder can withstand a pressure of 14.9 atmospheres. The pressure gauge of the cylinder indicates 12 atmospheres at 27°C. Because of a sudden fire in the building, the temperature rises. At what temperature will the cylinder explode?
Correct the following statement:
The volume of a fixed mass of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, pressure remaining constant.
A certain mass of gas occupied 850 ml at a pressure of 760 mm of Hg. On increasing the pressure it was found that the volume of the gas was 75% of its initial value. Assuming constant temperature, find the final pressure of the gas?
At a given temperature the pressure of a gas reduces to 75% of its initial value and the volume increases by 40% of its initial value. Find this temperature if the initial temperature was -10°C.
It is required to reduce the volume of a gas by 20% by compressing it at a constant pressure. To do so, the gas has to be cooled. If the gas attains a final temperature of 157°C, find the initial temperature of the gas.
Fill in the blank with the correct word, from the words in option:
If the temperature of a fixed mass of a gas is kept constant and the pressure is increased, the volume correspondingly _______.
A fixed volume of a gas occupies 760cm3 at 27°C and 70 cm of Hg. What will be its vol. at s.t.p.
The pressure on one mole of gas at s.t.p. is doubled and the temperature is raised to 546 K. What is the final volume of the gas ? [one mole of a gas occupies a volume of 22.4 litres at stp.]
