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प्रश्न
Distinguish between the following:
Memorandum of association and articles of association.
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उत्तर
Sr. No. |
Memorandum of association |
articles of association : |
|
1 |
Memorandum of Association is the primary, fundamental, and the main document of the company which lays down its constitution and defines its objects and the scope of its activities. |
The Articles of Association is a secondary, subsidiary, and subordinate document of the company which lays down the rules and regulations for the internal management of the company. |
|
2 |
It is the basic, fundamental, primary, and supreme document of the company. It is a life-giving document. |
It is a secondary and subordinate document. It is subordinate to the Memorandum of Association. |
|
3 |
It defines the sc0pe of the activities of the company, its objects, and their limits or the area beyond Which the activities of the company cannot go. It fixes the area of its operation. |
It lays down the rules for carrying out the objects of the company. The rules are meant for the internal management of the company within the area defined by the Memorandum. |
|
4 |
It defines the relationship of the company with the outsiders, e.g. buyers, sellers, creditors, debtors, etc. |
It defines the relationship between the company and members and also between members. It has nothing to do with the outsiders. |
|
5 |
Every company irrespective of its types, nature and size must prepare and file its own memorandum. No company under the Companies Act can be registered Without the Memorandum of Association. |
Every company must prepare and file its own articles. However, a public company may adopt table A of the Companies Act, 1956, as its articles. |
|
6 |
The procedure for the amendment or alteration Is very difficult. It requires an ordinary or special resolution, sanction by the Central Government or the Company Law Board or the Court. |
The procedure for alteration is relatively simple. The Articles can be altered subject to the Companies Act and general law provided the alterations are intra Vires the Memorandum and they are in the interest of the company as a whole. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
______ describes the relationship between company and outsiders.
Select the correct answer from the option given below and rewrite the sentence.
Any act done by the company beyond the powers of Memorandum is called as _______.
Select the correct answer from the option given below and rewrite the sentence.
_________ clause states the amount of Authorised capital with which the company is registered.
Select the correct answer from the option given below and rewrite the sentence.
_______ is an incomplete prospectus.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Document which states the limits within which a company has to operate.
Write a word or a term or a phrase that can substitute the following statement:
The document is subordinate to the Memorandum of Association.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Document which establishes relationship between a company and its members.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Prospectus attached with every share application form.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association is prepared at the time of incorporation of a company.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Any act done by the company beyond the powers of Memorandum is Ultra Vires.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Articles of Association can have provisions that contradict the Memorandum.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Memorandum contains rules and regulations for the internal management of a company.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Every subscriber who signs the Memorandum must also sign the Articles.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Actions can be taken against a company or its officers for misstatements in prospectus.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Every company has to issue shelf prospectus every time it offers shares to the public.
Find the odd one.
Complete the sentence.
Any act done by the company which goes beyond the powers of Memorandum of Association will be calledas _________
Arrange in proper order.
a) Subscription clause.
b) Name clause.
c) Object clause.
Explain the following term/concept.
Capital clauses
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion:
A Company plans to offer Rights Issue.
a) Which document must it send to its shareholders for offering the Rights Issue?
b) Instead of Rights Issue, if the company wants to issue shares to the public, which document must it issue for inviting the public to subscribe for it?
c) Name the document which is called as incomplete prospectus.
