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प्रश्न
Discuss any three different types of salts with at least one example for each.
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उत्तर
1. Normal Salts: These salts are formed by the complete replacement of all replaceable hydrogen ions of an acid by a metallic or ammonium ion. They do not contain any replaceable hydrogen or hydroxyl ions.
Example: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a normal salt formed by the complete neutralisation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution.
\[\ce{HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O}\]
2. Acid Salts: These salts are formed by the partial replacement of the replaceable hydrogen ions of a polybasic acid by a metallic or ammonium ion. They still contain replaceable hydrogen atoms and behave like weak acids.
Example: Sodium hydrogensulphate (NaHSO4) is an acid salt formed by the partial neutralisation of dibasic sulphuric acid (H2SO4) with a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at a temperature below 200°C.
\[\ce{NaOH + H2SO4 ->[< 200°C] NaHSO4 + H2O}\]
3. Basic Salts: These salts are formed by the partial replacement of the replaceable hydroxyl ions of a polyacidic base by an acid radical. They still contain replaceable hydroxyl groups.
Example: Basic lead nitrate [Pb(OH)NO3] is a basic salt formed by the partial neutralisation of a diacidic base, lead hydroxide [Pb(OH)2], with a dilute nitric acid (HNO3) solution.
\[\ce{Pb(OH)2 + HNO3 -> Pb(OH)NO3 + H2O}\]
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Define an acidic salt.
Give two examples of an acid salt.
Name a basic salt.
Identify the odd one out and justify.
Define an acid salt.
Why common salt gets wet during rainy season?
Salts A, B, C, D and E undergo reactions (i) to (v) respectively. Identify the anion present in these salts on the basis of these reactions. Tabulate your answers in the format given below:
(i) When silver nitrate solution is added to asolution of A, a white precipitate, insoluble in dilute nitric acid, is formed.
(ii) Addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to B produces a gas which turns lead acetate paper black.
(iii) When a freshly prepared solution of ferrous sulphate is added to a solution of C and concentrated sulphuric acid is gently poured from the side of the test, a brown ring is formed.
(iv) When dilute sulphuric acid is added to D, a gas is produced which turns acidified potassium dichromate solution from orange to green.
(v) Addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to E produces an effervescence. The gas produced turns limewater milky but does not affect acidified potassium dichromate solution.
| Salt | Anion |
| A | |
| B | |
| C | |
| D | |
| E |
Define the following and give two examples in case an acid salt .
NaHSO4 is an acid salt.
State the terms/process for the following:
A type of salt formed by partial replacement of hydroxyl radicals with an acid radical.
