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प्रश्न
Describe Bohr’s model of the atom.
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उत्तर
A Danish physicist, Neils Bohr, offered the following postulates for modifying the Rutherford model.
- Atoms have a core nucleus surrounded by electrons.
- An atom comprises a small, positively charged nucleus at the centre, around which electrons travel in circular paths known as orbits or shells.
- Each orbit has a defined amount of energy; hence, they are known as energy levels or energy shells.
- The energy shells' order will be
K < L < M < N < O < .........
or, 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 < 5 < ......... - An electron does not lose or gain energy while remaining in a specific orbit.
- When an electron moves in an orbit, it absorbs and emits no energy. However, energy is absorbed when it moves from a lower to a higher orbit, and energy is emitted when it moves from a higher to a lower orbit.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Draw a sketch of Bohr’s model of an atom with three shells.
Compare all the proposed models of an atom given in this chapter.
Name the scientists who described the arrangement of electrons in an atom.
Name the central part of an atom where protons and neutrons are held together.
What are the various letters used by Bohr to represent electron shells in an atom?
State true or false. If false, correct the statement.
Smaller the size of the orbit, lower is the energy of the orbit.
An atom with 3 protons and 4 neutrons will have a valency of
Bohr's model of atoms ______.
A particle of mass ‘m’ and charge ‘−2q’ is moving around a very heavy particle having charge ‘q’. If Bohr’s model is to be used then the orbital velocity of mass ‘m’ when it is nearest to the heavy particle is (in magnitude) (ε0 = permittivity of free space, h = Planck’s constant) ______.
The angular momentum of electron in hydrogen atom in first orbit is ‘L’. The change in angular momentum if electron is in second orbit of hydrogen atom is ______.
