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प्रश्न
Attempt a character sketch of Squire Cass.
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उत्तर
Squire Cass is a contender for the narrator's Least Favorite Character. Sure, Dunstan is bad—but look at who he's got for a dad. He's bad-tempered, neglectful, slovenly, and arrogant. The only possible good thing about him is that he has the "self-possession and authoritativeness" that some of his neighbors lack. He enjoys throwing his annual New Year's Eve party not because he likes company but because he likes showing off and performing his "hereditary duty of being noisily jovial and patronizing". You have to feel a little sorry for Squire Cass, though, because his reign of triumph is coming to an end. The only reason he thinks highly of himself is that his society is so confined that he's just never been around anyone superior. He may be at the top of Raveloe society, but, as England becomes unified as a nation, isolated pockets like Raveloe will no longer exist. It'll be impossible for a country squire to go on thinking that he's better than everyone else, because railroads and newspapers and other forms of mass communication and mass culture will introduce him, however unwilling, to a larger world. Added to that, the Napoleonic Wars are almost over. Silas Marner is set sometime in the early 1800s, before the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 puts an end to the wars that England had been fighting on-and-off in Europe since 1793. The war, since it kept foreign grain out of England, raised prices for agricultural products, meaning that farmers like Squire Cass (and the villagers) could make a good living. When the wars ended, prices fell, and even restrictive import laws didn't help for long. By the middle of the 19th century (when Silas Marner was written), England was a manufacturing nation. Wealth lay in the cities, not in the lands.
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A1 True or False:
Rewrite the following statements and state whether they are ‘true’ or ‘false’.
(i) Mashelkar’s mother did menial work to bring him up.
(ii) Mashelkar’s father died when he was twelve.
(iii) Mashelkar was born in a very rich family.
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I start with my greatest guru-my mother. I was born in a very poor family and my father died when I was six. We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work to bring me up. Two meals a day was a tough challenge. I studied under street lights and I walked barefoot until, I think, I was twelve. I remember when I passed the seventh standard and I wanted to go into the eighth standard, our poverty was such that even to secure 21 rupees for secondary school admission became a big challenge. We had to borrow from a lady, who was a housemaid in Chaupati in Mumbai. That was the tough life I had.
In fact, I remember, my passing the SSC Examination-i.e. 11th standard. Those days it used to be not 10th standard or 12th standard but 11th standard. I stood 11th among 1,35,000 but I was about to leave higher education and find a job. What helped me was the scholarship by Sir Dorab Tata Trust. It was just 60 rupees per month and would you believe that 60 rupees per month from Tatas added so much value to my life that I have been able to stand here today before you to speak to you.
I am on the Board of Tatas now and it is very interesting that the same Bombay House where I used to go to collect that 60 rupees per month now one goes and sits there like a Director on the Board of Tata Motors. The turn that these 40 years have taken is very interesting. It has all been possible because of the chance I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother. She gave me the values of my life. She was one of the noblest parents I have met in my life.
So, my greatest guru was my mother. My second guru was Principal Bhave, about whom I made a mention earlier. He taught us Physics. Because it was a poor school, I remember, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of Science.
A2 Complete:
Complete the following sentences and write:
(i) Mashelkar was inspired by his greatest guru _______
(ii) Mashelkar studied under _______
(iii) Principal Bhave taught _______
(iv) The scholarship by _______ Trust helped him in higher education.
A3 Find the meaning:
Choose the appropriate meaning of the underlined words from the given alternatives:
(i) We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work.
(a) skilled
(b) hard
(c) unskilled
(d) of low status
(ii) Because it was a poor school, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of science.
(a) do a cheap experiment
(b) introduce new things
(c) avoid
(d) try hard
(iii) I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother.
(a) firm saying
(b) being inspired
(c) being inspected
(d) being instigated
(iv) That was the tough life I had.
(a) difficult
(b) soft
(c) cheap
(d) simple
A4 Match:
Match the following sentences with their tags:
| 'A' | 'B' | ||
| (i) | I stood 11th among 1,35,000 |
(a) | aren’t I? |
| (ii) | I am on the Board of Tatas | (b) | didn’t we? |
| (iii) | It was a poor school | (c) | didn’t I? |
| (iv) | We moved to Mumbai | (d) | wasn’t it? |
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1.
|
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