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प्रश्न
Answer the following in brief :
What are acids and bases according to Arrhenius theory?
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उत्तर
According to Arrhenius theory, acids and bases are defined as follows:
i. Acid: An acid is a substance that contains hydrogen and gives H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
e.g.
\[\ce{HCl_{(aq)} ->[water]H^+_{ (aq)} + Cl^-_{ (aq)}}\];
\[\ce{CH3COOH_{(aq)}⇌[water] H^+_{ (aq)} + CH3COO^-_{ (aq)}}\]
ii. Base: A base is a substance that contains the OH group and produces hydroxide ions (`"OH"^-` ions) in aqueous solution.
e.g.
\[\ce{NaOH_{(aq)}->[water]Na^+_{ (aq)} + OH^-_{ (aq)}}\];
\[\ce{NH4OH_{(aq)} ⇌[water] NH^+_{ 4(aq)} + OH^-_{ (aq)}}\]
संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following in one sentence :
Why cations are Lewis acids?
Label the conjugate acid-base pair in the following reaction:
\[\ce{HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O\overset{\oplus} + Cl\overset{\ominus}{}}\]
Label the conjugate acid-base pair in the following reaction:
\[\ce{CO^2-_3 + H2O ⇌ OH- + HCO^-_3}\]
Answer the following in brief :
Ammonia serves as a Lewis base whereas AlCl3 is Lewis acid. Explain.
The theory which explain amphoteric nature of water is ______.
Classify the following species into Lewis acids and Lewis bases.
| Cl- | |
| `"NH"_4^+` | |
| BCl3 | |
| NH3 |
The conjugate acid of \[\ce{HSO^-_4}\] is ____________.
Identify the CORRECT statement.
Which among the following compounds is used as selective weed killer?
Which of these is not likely to act as Lewis base?
What are Lewis acids and bases? Give two examples for each.
Discuss the Lowry – Bronsted concept of acids and bases.
Identify the conjugate acid-base pair for the following reaction in an aqueous solution.
\[\ce{HS^-_{( aq)} + HF ⇌ F^-_{( aq)} + H2S_{(aq)}}\]
Identify the conjugate acid-base pair for the following reaction in an aqueous solution.
\[\ce{HPO^{2-}_4 + SO^{2-}_3 ⇌ PO^{3-}_4 + HSO^-_3}\]
Name one amphoteric solvent.
Identify the conjugate acid - base pair in the following reaction.
\[\ce{H2O + HCl -> H3O+ + Cl-}\]
The species which will behave both as conjugate acid and conjugate base is ______.
What are the limitations of Arrhenium theory?
According to Lowry-Bronsted concept, base is a substance which acts as ______.
Calculate pH of 0.01 M NaOH.
Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the reaction,
\[\ce{CH3COOH(aq) + NH3(aq) <=> NH^+_4(aq) + CH3COO^-(aq)}\]
Define acids according to Bronsted-Lowry theory.
