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प्रश्न
- What precaution(s) would you recommend to a patient requiring repeated blood transfusion?
- If the advise is not followed by the patient, there is an apprehension that the patient might contract a disease that would destroy the immune system of his/her body. Explain with the help of schematic diagram only how the immune system would get affected and destroyed.
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उत्तर
a. For those who need frequent blood transfusions, we will advise taking the following safety measures. Use sterile syringes; stay away from contaminated needles, and don’t use the same needles twice, as this can spread HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, a drug addict shouldn’t donate blood. It is best to prevent transfusions of tainted blood or blood products.
b. If this advice is not being followed by the patient, he might contract AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). AIDS is a serious health problem in which the immune system of the patient gets weakened greatly. It is caused by a virus named HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). It is a retrovirus, which attacks the helper T-cells of the body and greatly reduce their number. These helper T-cells are responsible for stimulating the antibody production by B-cells. Thus, reduction in their number results in the loss of natural defence of our body.
HIV can attack and replicate inside the host cell by using reverse transcription method, which is shown below:
संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the complete name of the diagnostic test for AIDS.
Match the following
| Column I | Column II |
| a. AIDS | i. Antibody production |
| b. Lysozyme | ii. Activation of B-cells |
| c. B-cells | iii. Immunoglobulin |
| d. T-helper cells | iv. Tears |
| e. Antibody | v. Immunodeficiency |
Explain the mode of transmission of HIV.
Expand the following.
HIV-
AIDS is not transmitted by contact with a patient’s clothes.
What are the various routes by which transmission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?
Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOT)
A leading weekly magazine has recently published a survey analysis which says that number of AIDS patient in the country is increasing day by day. The report says that the awareness among the people about AIDS is still very poor. You are discussing the magazine report in your class and a team of your class decides to help people to fight against the dreadful disease.
- What problem you face when trying to educate the people in your village near by your school?
- How do you overcome the problem?
How are STDs transmitted?
Confirmatory test for STDs is ______.
Hepatitis B is transmitted through ______.
Both sickle cells anaemia and Huntington chorea are:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was first isolated by ______.
Some human diseases are transmitted only when the blood of a patient comes in close contact with the blood of a healthy person. In one such disease, there is a progressive decrease in the WBC of the patient.
- Name the disease and its causative agent.
- Name the type of WBC affected during infection.
- How does the blood of a patient come in contact with the blood of a healthy patient?
- Suggest three methods that help in preventing such infection.
Which of the following will not be useful as a prevention in acquiring STDs?
STDs can be considered as self-invited diseases. Comment.
‘An HIV patient normally doesn't die of ‘AIDS’, but death is caused due to many other infections.’ Do you agree with the statement? Give explanatory reasons in support of your answer.
Which one of the following group include sexually transmitted disease?
All STDs do not affect the genital organs. Justify the statement.
The following is well-known abbreviation, which have been used in this chapter. Expand to its full form:
AIDS
The following is well-known abbreviation, which have been used in this chapter. Expand to its full form:
NACO
