NCERT solutions for इंग्लिश एक्स्प्लॉरैशन [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा ९ chapter 13 - Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life [Latest edition]

How does the warming of Arabian Sea water affect the southwest monsoon in India?

If a large forest is cleared, how can that affect the flow of a river in that area?

What might happen to coastal cities in India if glaciers and polar ice keep melting faster?

How would increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere affect the ocean plankton?

Visit the website given below and study the effect of the concentration of greenhouse gas on surface temperature.

https://phet.colorado. edu/en/simulations/ greenhouse-effect

How does the cool mountain breeze benefit agriculture activity, particularly the crops and soil?

What happens to the warm surface of water from the equator as it travels toward the poles? What impact does this movement have on the area?

The CO₂ dissolved in the ocean is disturbed when the global temperature increases. What will happen to marine life?

What would happen to plants and animals on Earth if the biogeochemical cycles were disrupted and stopped? Explain by giving a few examples.

Discuss how human activities increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. What would you do as an individual to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas?

Choose the most appropriate option to describe the role of biogeochemical cycles in an ecosystem.

Which of the following is primarily responsible for warming of the Earth?

Explain how climate change affects the water cycle. Illustrate with examples.

Describe how albedo affects the Earth’s surface temperature and its climate.

How are mountain and valley breezes formed? Suppose there are two mountains, one covered with grass and another covered with barren rocks; would the temperature of the two mountain breezes be different? If so, how?

You have witnessed weather phenomena, such as winds, storms, rainfall, etc. Which atmospheric layer is mainly responsible for such phenomena and what is the primary reason for its occurrence?

Explain the processes involved in the nitrogen cycle. How would life on Earth be affected if nitrogen were not cycled?

What are the impacts of deforestation on the Earth’s oxygen and carbon cycles?

What are the other consequences of deforestation?

Explain with suitable diagram the path that carbon takes to go back to the atmosphere. You may start from plants using CO₂ from the atmosphere.

Why is an excess of CO₂ in the atmosphere considered undesirable even though it is required by plants?

How is heat lost from the surface of the Earth? What is its significance?

If the Earth were a flat disc instead of a sphere, how would the patterns of solar radiation and temperature be different?

Suppose there is a rise in atmospheric temperature on Earth. How would this affect the cryosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere?

Explain how the Earth’s atmosphere helps in maintaining a suitable temperature for life to survive on the Earth.

Describe the interrelationship between different spheres of the Earth. Illustrate with example how these spheres function in a delicate balance.

Consider two hypothetical Earth-sized planets that have an atmosphere. Assume that one planet is entirely covered by oceans and the other is entirely by land. Knowing that the Sun heats the equator more than the poles, how would the wind patterns on these planets compare with the wind systems we observe on Earth, with its combination of land and sea?

Choose any one meal you ate recently (it could be anything, for example, roti and dal, rice and sambar, idli and chutney, and so on). For each main item in the meal, find out and explain: (i) how the carbon in it originally came from carbon dioxide in the air through photosynthesis, and (ii) how the nitrogen in it likely came from the atmosphere into the soil (for example, by bacteria or through the Haber-Bosch process and fertilisers) and then into the plant. Further, list other human activities involved in producing or cooking this meal that add extra carbon dioxide or nitrogen to the environment.

Using data from the India Meteorological Department (IMD, https://mausam.imd.gov.in/) or newspaper records, find the average monsoon rainfall (June – September, or the local season) for your city or district for 5 years during two decades, such as the 1980s and 2020s. Note any trend you may find (increasing or decreasing, or the total number of days) with heavy rain (>50 mm). How can this be connected to the warmer Arabian Sea temperatures or changes in land use (forests to farms to cities) as discussed in the chapter?

New tools are allowing scientists to observe the planet in real time and uncover hidden connections between climate, ecosystems, and human activity. What new discoveries will these tools reveal about the changing Earth, and how will they improve our understanding of global warming and climate change?