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Explain the circumstances that led to the mid-term elections in 1980.
Concept: 1977 Elections and the Formation of Janata Party
What is meant by defection?
Concept: Emergency - Context, Constitutional and Extra-constitutional Dimensions, Resistance to Emergency
Name the original states from which the following states were carved out:-
i. Meghalaya
ii. Gujarat
Concept: Navnirman Movement in Gujarat and the Bihar Movement
Which action of the Government of India threatened the fish workers' lives in a major way? Which organisation did they form at the national level?
Concept: Rights of Indigenous People
'Let the polluters pay'. Support this statement with any two suitable arguments.
Concept: Environment Movements: One Or Many?
Describe any three weaknesses and any three points of strength of India's democracy that came to light during the Emergency of 1975.
Concept: Emergency - Context, Constitutional and Extra-constitutional Dimensions, Resistance to Emergency
What were the major conflicts between the Parliament and the Judiciary during the leadership of Indira Gandhi?
Concept: Emergency - Context, Constitutional and Extra-constitutional Dimensions, Resistance to Emergency
Find the odd one out in the context of the proclamation of Emergency.
Concept: Background to Emergency
Name the judge of the Allahabad High Court who declared Mrs. Indira Gandhi’s election invalid ______
Concept: Declaration of Emergency
Analyze two reasons for the imposition of a national emergency in India on June 25, 1975.
Concept: Declaration of Emergency
State any two reasons for imposing an emergency by the Government in 1975.
Concept: Declaration of Emergency
Highlight any two international movements against the environmental degradation.
Concept: Environmental Concerns in Global Politics
Analyse any two adverse effects of the construction of Mega dams.
Concept: Environment Movements: One Or Many?
Match the List I with the List II.
| List I | List II | ||
| A. | Indigenous people of the Cordillera region | (i) | Chile |
| B. | Mapuche | (ii) | Bangladesh |
| C. | Tribal people of the Chittagong Hill Tracts | (iii) | Philippines |
| D. | Kuna tribe | (iv) | East of Panama Canal |
Concept: The Indigenous Peoples and Their Rights
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
| ‘Commons’ are those resources which are not owned by anyone but rather shared by a community. This could be a ‘common room’, a ‘community centre’, a park or a river. Similarly, there are some areas or regions of the world which are located outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any one state, and therefore require common governance by the international community. These are known as res communis humanitatis or global commons. |
- Which of the following is a part of global commons?
- Ocean floor
- River Narmada
- Thar desert
- Nilgiris
- The Earth Summit was held in ______.
- Kyoto
- Rio- de- Janeiro
- Rome
- Montreal
- Which of the following agencies of the United Nations is associated in dealing with environmental issues?
- UNESCO
- ECOSOC
- UNEP
- UNFCCC
- Why is cooperation over global commons not easy?
- Task cannot be monitored
- Lack of consensus on common environmental agendas.
- Similar approach to environment between the global north and south.
- All of the above
Concept: The Protection of Global Commons
Study the given cartoon and answer the questions that follow:

- Identify any two leaders shown in the cartoon who had won the 1977 elections.
- Explain the term MISA.
- Why was the Congress voted out of power?
Concept: Declaration of Emergency
Explain any two lessons learnt from the emergency imposed in 1975.
Concept: Controversies Regarding Emergency
What does the special status given to Jammu and Kashmir under Articles 370 mean?
Concept: The Kashmir Situation
Why is it said that history of petroleum is also the history of war and struggles?
Concept: India as an Arena of Globalization and Struggle Against It
What was 'Operation Blue Star'? Why did it hurt the sentiments of the Sikh Community?
Concept: Punjab Crisis and the Anti Sikh Riots of 1984
