Definitions [7]
- The process of removal of chemical wastes (mainly nitrogenous wastes) from the body is known as 'excretion' (ex: out, crete: flow).
- Excretion is the process of removal of harmful and unwanted nitrogenous waste products from the body.
- Excretion is defined as the process by which organisms expel metabolic waste products and other toxic substances from the body.
Define the following term:
Micturition
Micturition is the process of expelling urine out of the body through the urethra by opening the sphincter muscles and passing urine, involving the relaxation of the sphincter muscles between the urinary bladder and urethra.
Define excretion.
Excretion is the process that biological organisms use to expel or eliminate the waste products produced by their metabolism.
Define the following term:
Osmoregulation
The kidney while removing wastes like urea from the blood also regulates its composition, i.e., the percentage of water and salts. This function is called osmoregulation.
Organs which are concerned with the formation, storage and elimination of urine constitute the 'excretory system'.
Reproduction is the process of formation of new individuals by sexual or asexual means, which can repeat the process in their own turn.
or
Formation of new organism of same species by earlier existing organism is called as reproduction.
or
Reproduction is a biological process that results in the formation of new individuals of the same kind, though usually with slight genetic, structural and physiological variations.
Unicellular organisms are living beings composed of a single cell, which performs all life functions independently. An example is amoeba, a microscopic organism that can only be seen with a microscope.
Multicellular organisms are living beings composed of multiple cells, which work together to perform various functions essential for survival. Examples include humans, cows, mice, cockroaches, elephants, banyan trees, and onion plants.
Key Points
- Meaning - Reproduction is the production of young ones similar to their parents. It is an essential biological process for the continuation of the species and continuity of life.
- Two Types - All methods of reproduction fall into two categories: Asexual Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction.
- Asexual Reproduction - New individuals are produced without the fusion of gametes. Offspring are genetically identical to the parent (clones).
- Sexual Reproduction - Involves the fusion of male and female gametes, resulting in offspring with genetic variation from both parents.
