Key Points
Key Points: Common Diseases in Human Beings
- Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being — not just the absence of disease.
- Health is affected by genetic disorders, infections from microbes, and lifestyle (food, water, exercise, rest).
- Good health is maintained by a balanced diet, personal hygiene, regular exercise, immunisation, and vector control.
- Diseases are of two types: infectious (transmitted person to person) and non-infectious (cannot be transmitted).
- Disease-causing organisms are called pathogens - they include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, and helminths.
- Pathogens enter the body, multiply, and disrupt vital functions; they adapt to the host environment (e.g., survive low pH in the gut).
