Question

Write a short note in 50-60 words.

Carl Rogers’ theory of Self

Write a short note on the Self theory.

Answer 1

According to Rogers, every individual has to actualize himself. Mentally healthy persons have congruence between their experience and self-concept.

There are two important concepts related to this

1. Real self (self image) - It is what the person actually is in reality. It is our inner personality
2. Ideal self - It represents the ideal image developed by a person as he/she would like to be. It represents our dynamic ambitions and goals.

If there is incongruence between the real self and the ideal self, it leads to maladjustment. If the ideal self and real self are congruent, our self concept is accurate.
Self actualization refers to the motive to realize our full potential as we strive to be fully functioning individuals. A person with high self worth can tolerate failure and cope with challenges of life while someone with low self worth tends to avoid challenges and cannot tolerate distress.

• The self-image is different from the ideal self.
• There is only a little overlap.
• Here self-actualization will be difficult.

• The self-image is similar to the ideal self.
• There is more overlap.
• This person can achieve self-actualization.

Answer 2

Self Theory by Carl Rogers is a humanistic approach to personality that focuses on the concept of the self, which includes an individual’s awareness of their thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. Personality development depends on the alignment between the real self (who the person truly is) and the ideal self (who they aspire to be). When these are in harmony, congruence leads to self-acceptance and well-being, while incongruence causes anxiety and low self-esteem.

Rogers believed in an innate drive for self-actualization, or reaching one's full potential. A supportive environment offering unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness is essential for healthy self-development. The theory emphasizes self-perception, personal growth, and the environment’s role in shaping personality.