Question

Why do free electrons in a metal move randomly when no electric field is present?

विकल्प

• They are all accelerated in the direction of the field

• They move randomly due to thermal energy

• They move only because of a net current

• They are fixed in the metallic lattice

Answer 1

Thermal energy causes free electrons in a metal to move randomly. In the absence of an electric field, their velocities point in different directions.