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प्रश्न
What is meant by 'Analysis of Financial Statements'? State any two objectives of such an analysis.
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उत्तर
A critical and thorough examination of the financial statements of a company in order to understand the data contained in it, is known as 'Analysis of Financial Statements'.
Objectives of Financial Analysis
(i) It enables the conduct of meaningful comparisons of financial data. It provides better and easy understanding of the changes in the financial data overtime.
(ii) It helps in designing effective plans and better execution of plans by enabling control and checks over the use of the financial resources.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
What is meant by 'Financial Statements' of a company?
State the objectives of 'Analysis of Financial Statements'.
Financial Statements are prepared following the constituent accounting concepts principles procedures and also the legal environment in which the business organisation operate. These statements are the source of information on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the profitability and financial position of a company so that their users can easily understand and use them in their economic decisions in a meaningful way.
From the above statements identify any two values that a company should observe while preparing its financial statements. Also, State under which major headings and sub-headings the following items will be presented in the Balance Sheet of a company as per Schedule III of the Companies Act 2013
(1) Capital Reserve
(2) Calls-in-Advance
(3) Loose Tools
(4) Bank overdraft
'Good Blankets Ltd.' are the manufacturers of woollen blankets. Blankets of the company are exported to many countries. The company decided to distribute blankets free of cost to five villages of Kashmir Valley destroyed by the recent floods. It also decided to employ 100 young persons from these villages in their newly established factory at Solan in Himachal Pradesh. To meet the requirements of funds for starting its new factory, the company issued 50,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each and 2,000 8% debentures of Rs 100 each to the vendors of machinery purchased for Rs 7,00,000. Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the company. Also, identify anyone value which the company wants to communicate to the society.
Financial statements are prepared following the consistent accounting concepts, principles, procedures and also the legal environment in which the business organizations operate. These statements are the sources of information on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the profitability and financial position of a company so that their users can easily understand and use them in their economic decisions in a meaningful way.
From the above statement identify any two values that a company should observe while preparing its financial statements. Also state under which major headings and sub-headings the following items will be presented in the balance sheet of a company as per Schedule III of the Companies Act 2013.
General Reserves, short term loans and advances, Capital work in progress and desgin.
Long Answer Question
Explain the process of preparing income statement and balance sheet.
From the following information, prepare the balance sheet of Jam Ltd.
Inventories Rs. 7,00,000; Equity Share Capital Rs. 16,00,000; Plant and Machinery Rs. 8,00,000; 8% Preference Share Capital Rs. 6,00,000; General Reserves Rs. 6,00,000; Bills payable Rs. 1,50,000; Provision for taxation Rs. 2,50,000; Land and Building Rs. 16,00,000; Noncurrent Investments Rs. 10,00,000; Cash at Bank Rs. 5,00,000;Creditors Rs. 2,00,000; 12% Debentures Rs. 12,00,000.
Prepare the balance sheet of Jyoti Ltd. as at March 31, 2017 from the following information:
Building Rs. 10,00,000; Investments in the shares of Metro Tyers Rs. 3,00,000; Stores & Spares Rs. 1,00,000; Discount on issue of 10% debentures Rs. 10,000; Statement of Profit and Loss (Dr.) Rs. 90,000; 5,00,000 Equity Shares of Rs. 20 each fully paid-up; Capital Redemption Reserve Rs. 1,00,000; 10% Debentures Rs. 3,00,000; Unpaid dividends Rs. 90,000; Share options outstanding account Rs. 10,000.
Under which major head will the following be shown:
(i) Share Capital; and (ii) Money Received Against Share Warrants?
List any five items that are shown under Reserves and Surplus.
Under which head and how are the following items shown in the Balance Sheet of a company under Schedule III:
(i) Calls-in-Arrears; (ii) Share Application Money Pending Allotment; (iii) Unpaid Dividend; and (iv) Dividend not paid on Cumulative Preference Shares?
Under which main head and sub-head of Equity and Liabilities part of the Balance Sheet are the following items classified or shown:
(i) Bonds
(ii) Debentures
(iii) Public Deposits
(iv) Capital Redemption Reserve
(v) Forfeited Shares Accounts
(vi) Sundry Creditors and
(vii) Interest Accrued but not Due on Debentures ?
Classify the following items under major head and sub-head (if any) in the Balance Sheet of a company as per Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013:
(i) Capital Work-in-Progress:
(ii) Provision for Warranties;
(iii) Income received in Advance; and
(iv) Capital Advances
Under which major head and sub-head of the Assets part of the Balance Sheet will the following be shown:
(i) Intangible Assets; (ii) Intangible Assets under Development; (iii) Investments (more than 12 months); (iv) Deferred Tax Assets (Net); (v) Stores and Spares; and (vi) Loose Tools?
The financial statements do not exhibit
Which of the following statement is not true?
Briefly explain any three limitations of financial statements.
What are the objectives of preparing financial statements?
Which Indian Companies Act is in force these days?
The Goodwill is not a ________.
___________ is conducted by bankers and government.
What are the objectives of financial statements? They provides ______.
Consider the following statements.
Statement 1 - "Going Concern concept assumes that the enterprise continues for a long period of time."
Statement 2 - "Going Concern concept assumes that the enterprise continues for a shorter period of time."
What are the limitations of financial statements?
Name the expenses that are incurred in connection with the formation of a company?
What are the components of income statement?
Securities Premium is shown under which head in the Balance Sheet ?
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Rudra, Dev and Shiv were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. Their fixed capitals were ₹ 6,00,000, ₹ 4,00,000 and ₹ 2,00,000 respectively. Besides his capital Shiv had given a loan of ₹ 75,000 to the firm. Their partnership deed provided for the following:
During the year Rudra withdrew ₹ 50,000 at the end of each quarter; Dev withdrew ₹ 50,000 in the beginning of each half year and Shiv withdrew ₹ 70,000 at the end of each half year. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31-3-2022 before allowing interest on Shiv's loan was ₹ 7,06,750. |
What will the amount of interest on drawings of the partners?
Richa and Anmol are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 with capitals of ₹ 2,50,000 and ₹ 1,50,000 respectively. Interest on capital is agreed @6% p.a. Anmol is to be allowed an annual salary of ₹ 12,500. During the year ended 31st March 2023, the profits of the year prior to calculation of interest on capital but after charging Anmol’s salary amounted to ₹ 62,000. A provision of 5% of this profit is to be made in respect of manager’s commission.
Following is their Profit & Loss Appropriation Account:
| Particulars | (₹) | Particulars | (₹) |
| To Interest on Capital | By Profit & loss account (After manager’s commission) | ___(2)___ | |
| Richa | ______ | ||
| Anmol | ______ | ||
| To Anmol’s Salary A/c | 12,500 | ||
| To Profit transferred to: | |||
| Richa’s Capital A/C (1) | ___(1)___ | ||
| Anmol’s Capital A/c | ______ | ||
| ______ | ______ |
The amount to be reflected in blank (2) will be:
|
Rudra, Dev and Shiv were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. Their fixed capitals were ₹ 6,00,000, ₹ 4,00,000 and ₹ 2,00,000 respectively. Besides his capital Shiv had given a loan of ₹ 75,000 to the firm. Their partnership deed provided for the following:
During the year Rudra withdrew ₹ 50,000 at the end of each quarter; Dev withdrew ₹ 50,000 in the beginning of each half year and Shiv withdrew ₹ 70,000 at the end of each half year. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31-3-2022 before allowing interest on Shiv's loan was ₹ 7,06,750. |
How much amount of net profit will be transferred to Profit and Loss Appropriation A/c?
|
Rudra, Dev and Shiv were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. Their fixed capitals were ₹ 6,00,000, ₹ 4,00,000 and ₹ 2,00,000 respectively. Besides his capital Shiv had given a loan of ₹ 75,000 to the firm. Their partnership deed provided for the following:
During the year Rudra withdrew ₹ 50,000 at the end of each quarter; Dev withdrew ₹ 50,000 in the beginning of each half year and Shiv withdrew ₹ 70,000 at the end of each half year. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31-3-2022 before allowing interest on Shiv's loan was ₹ 7,06,750. |
What will the amount of interest on drawings of the partners?
Richa and Anmol are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 with capitals of ₹ 2,50,000 and ₹ 1,50,000 respectively. Interest on capital is agreed @6% p.a. Anmol is to be allowed an annual salary of ₹ 12,500. During the year ended 31st March 2023, the profits of the year prior to calculation of interest on capital but after charging Anmol’s salary amounted to ₹ 62,000. A provision of 5% of this profit is to be made in respect of manager’s commission.
Following is their Profit & Loss Appropriation Account:
| Particulars | (₹) | Particulars | (₹) |
| To Interest on Capital | By Profit & loss account (After manager’s commission) | __(2)__ | |
| Richa | ______ | ||
| Anmol | ______ | ||
| To Anmol’s Salary a/c | 12,500 | ||
| To Profit transferred to: Richa’s Capital A/C (1) | __(1)__ | ||
| Anmol’s Capital A/c | ______ | ||
| ______ | ______ |
The amount to be reflected in blank (1) will be:
Richa and Anmol are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 with capitals of ₹ 2,50,000 and ₹ 1,50,000 respectively. Interest on capital is agreed @6% p.a. Anmol is to be allowed an annual salary of ₹ 12,500. During the year ended 31st March 2023, the profits of the year prior to calculation of interest on capital but after charging Anmol’s salary amounted to ₹ 62,000. A provision of 5% of this profit is to be made in respect of manager’s commission.
Following is their Profit & Loss Appropriation Account:
| Particulars | (₹) | Particulars | (₹) |
| To Interest on Capital | By Profit & loss account (After manager’s commission) | __(2)__ | |
| Richa | ______ | ||
| Anmol | ______ | ||
| To Anmol’s Salary a/c | 12,500 | ||
| To Profit transferred to: Richa’s Capital A/C (1) | __(1)__ | ||
| Anmol’s Capital A/c | ______ | ||
| ______ | ______ |
The amount to be reflected in blank (2) will be:
