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प्रश्न
What is electroscope? Explain how it works.
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उत्तर
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An electroscope is a scientific instrument used to detect the presence of electric charge on a body.
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An electroscope is made out of conducting materials, generally metal.
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It works on the principle that like charges repel each other.
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In a simple electroscope two metal sheets are hung in contact with each other.
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They are connected to a metal rod that extends upwards and ends in a knob at the end.
Movement of charges in electroscope -
If you bring a charged object near the knob, electrons will either move out of it or into it.
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This will result in charges on the metal leaves inside the electroscope.
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If a negatively charged object is brought near the top knob of the electroscope, it causes free electrons in the electroscope to move down into the leaves, leaving the top positive.
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Since both the leaves have a negative charge, they repel each other and move apart.
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If a positive object is brought near the top knob of the electroscope, the free electrons in the electroscope start to move up towards the knob.
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This means that the bottom has a net positive charge. The leaves will spread apart again. Explain series and parallel circuits.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
An electroscope has been charged by induction with the help of charged glass rod. The charge on the electroscope is
Give a reason for the following
When you touch the metal disc of an electroscope with a charged glass rod the metal leaves get diverged.
Give a reason for the following.
In an electroscope, the connecting rod and the leaves are all metals.
The aluminium strips in an electroscope as shown in the following figure are replaced by plastic strips and a charged body is brought in contact with the metal clip. What will happen?
If the metal clip used in the electroscope is replaced by an ebonite rod and a charged body is brought in contact with it, will there be any effect on the aluminium strips? Explain.
Lighting occurs due to ______.
The gold-leaf electroscope was developed in ______.
Assertion: Insulators do not allow a flow of current through them.
Reason: Insulators have no free charge carrier
Assertion: When both the strips of the electroscope are charged with a similar charge, they repel each other and become wide open.
Reason: Like charges always repel each other.
Assertion: People struck by lightning receive a severe electrical shock.
Reason: Lightning carries very high voltage.
