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प्रश्न
What are recombinant DNA vaccines? Give two examples of such vaccines. Discuss their advantages.
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उत्तर
A recombinant vaccine is a vaccine produced through recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the DNA encoding an antigen that stimulates an immune response into bacterial or mammalian cells. Recombinant DNA technology has allowed the production of antigenic polypeptides of pathogen in bacteria or yeast. Vaccines produced using this approach allow large-scale production and hence greater availability for immunisation, e.g., hepatitis B vaccine (Recombivax HB) produced from yeast. As of June 2015 one human DNA vaccine had been approved for human use, the single-dose Japanese encephalitis vaccine called IMOJEV, released in 2010 in Australia.
Advantages of recombinant DNA vaccines:
- No risk for infection
- Ease of development and production
- Stability for storage and shipping
- Cost-effectiveness
- Expression and purification of recombinant proteins
- Long-term persistence of immunogen
- In vivo expression ensures protein more closely resembles normal eukaryotic structure, with accompanying post-translational modifications.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Put a tick mark (✓) against the correct alternative in the following statement:
Infectious diseases can be prevented by:
- Medicines
- Proper food
- Immunisation
- Exercise
Define the following:
Immunisation
Define the following:
Vaccine
Mention the contributions of
Louis Pasteur.
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1-10.
|
Vaccine |
Disease(s) |
The Nature of Vaccine |
|
TAB |
1. _______________ |
2. ___________________ |
|
Salk's vaccine |
3. _______________ |
4. ___________________ |
|
BCG |
5. _______________ |
Living weakened germs |
|
Vaccines for measles |
Measles |
6. ___________________ |
|
Cowpox virus |
7. _______________ |
8. ___________________ |
|
Toxoids |
9. _______________ |
Extracts of toxins |
|
|
10. ______________ |
Secreted by bacteria |
Differentiate between : Vaccination and sterilisation
Mention if the following statement is true (T) or false (F).
Vaccine provides the body with active immunity.
Mention if the following statement is true (T) or false (F).
BCG is the vaccine given to babies to help build immunity against three common diseases.
Intestinal diseases spread through air.
Expand the following.
WHO-
Define the following.
Vaccines
The oral polio vaccine is a killed vaccine.
What is an immunization?
After vaccination, the body builds up ______.
What is NOT true about the purpose of vaccination?
Assertion: A person who has received a cut from a sharp object and is bleeding, needs to be given an anti-tetanus injection.
Reason: Anti-tetanus injection stimulates the production of antibodies for tetanus.
The vaccine for tuberculosis is administered soon after birth because:
Which statement accurately describes immunisation?
The principle of immunisation relies on the body's ability to:
