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प्रश्न
What are recombinant DNA vaccines? Give two examples of such vaccines. Discuss their advantages.
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उत्तर
A recombinant vaccine is a vaccine produced through recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the DNA encoding an antigen that stimulates an immune response into bacterial or mammalian cells. Recombinant DNA technology has allowed the production of antigenic polypeptides of pathogen in bacteria or yeast. Vaccines produced using this approach allow large-scale production and hence greater availability for immunisation, e.g., hepatitis B vaccine (Recombivax HB) produced from yeast. As of June 2015 one human DNA vaccine had been approved for human use, the single-dose Japanese encephalitis vaccine called IMOJEV, released in 2010 in Australia.
Advantages of recombinant DNA vaccines:
- No risk for infection
- Ease of development and production
- Stability for storage and shipping
- Cost-effectiveness
- Expression and purification of recombinant proteins
- Long-term persistence of immunogen
- In vivo expression ensures protein more closely resembles normal eukaryotic structure, with accompanying post-translational modifications.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What is vaccine?
Put a tick mark (✓) against the correct alternative in the following statement:
Infectious diseases can be prevented by:
- Medicines
- Proper food
- Immunisation
- Exercise
Write short (2-3 sentences) note on immunisation.
What is vaccination? Mention the four ways in which vaccine’s are prepared, giving the name of one disease for which each type of vaccine is used.
Define the following:
Immunity
Mention the contributions of
Edward Jenner
Mention the contributions of
Louis Pasteur.
Fill in the blank:
Lack of insulin may lead to ................
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1-10.
|
Vaccine |
Disease(s) |
The Nature of Vaccine |
|
TAB |
1. _______________ |
2. ___________________ |
|
Salk's vaccine |
3. _______________ |
4. ___________________ |
|
BCG |
5. _______________ |
Living weakened germs |
|
Vaccines for measles |
Measles |
6. ___________________ |
|
Cowpox virus |
7. _______________ |
8. ___________________ |
|
Toxoids |
9. _______________ |
Extracts of toxins |
|
|
10. ______________ |
Secreted by bacteria |
Name any three vaccines and the diseases for which they provide immunity.
Make a list of the vaccinations that are given to a newborn baby.
______ vaccine gives considerable protection against tuberculosis.
Expand the following.
BCG-
Define the following.
Vaccines
What is triple antigen? Mention the disease which can be prevented by using the antigen.
Suggest the immunization schedule for a new born baby till 12 months of age. Why it is necessary to follow the schedule?
Antibodies of white polio drops that are administered into the body contain:
The most vulnerable age of polio is between ______ years.
Expand the following:
MMR –
