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प्रश्न
What are black soils? Describe their formation and characteristics.
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उत्तर
Black soils are formed by volcanoes. These soils are also known as the ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’.
Features: The black soils are generally clayey, deep, and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, this soil develops wide cracks.
Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially; the rain-fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season.
Chemical Composition: Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter. The colour of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
Areas: Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Tamil Nadu. In the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna, and the northwestern part of the Deccan Plateau, the black soil is very deep.
संबंधित प्रश्न
The water holding capacity is the highest in ___________.
List the differences between clayey soil and sandy soil.
With reference to Red Soils in India, answer the following questions:
State two advantages of this type of soil.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
name two states of India where this type of soil is found.
Mention the types of Soils found in India.
Or
Name the four major Soil types found in India, leaving out desert and mountain Soils.
Or
Name four major groups of Soil found in the Indian Plains and Plateaus.
Where are Alluvial Soils found in India?
How is Black Soil formed?
What are the other names of Black Soil? Where are they found?
Define ‘Leaching’? In which region South of the Tropic of Cancer, can one find Soil formed by ‘Leaching’?
Mention two ways by which soil can get nitrogen.
Name the varieties of Alluvial Soils. Where are they found?
Why is the Red Soil red in colour?
Why is Red Soil ideal for dry farming?
Alluvial soils found in the lower courses and the upper courses of rivers.
Black Soil and Alluvial Soil.
On the map of India, shade and name an area each of:
(a) Alluvial Soil,
(b) Red Soil,
(c) Desert Soil and
(d) Hill Soil or Mountain Soil.
Name the soil which
is sticky when wet and cracks when dry.
Name the crops for which Red Soils is suitable.
What are the various uses of soil?
What is the need and importance of soil testing from the point of view of farmers?
Complete the following table with reference to the soil.
| Action | Effect | Result (w.r.t. fertility) |
| Construction of embankments | ||
| Wind speed decreased | ||
| Farmland is kept fallow for some period | ||
| Humus content increased. | ||
| Trenches are dug across a slope | ||
| Litter is burnt on the farm. | ||
| Proves favorable for micro-organisms | ||
| The salt content in the soil increases | ||
| Chemical fertilizers used excessively |
Which type of soil develops due to high temperature and evaporation?
Which of the following methods does not help in soil conservation?
Black soil is deficient in ______.
Soil formed by intense leaching is ______.
Soil has particles of different sizes. Arrange the words given below in increasing order of their particle size.
| Rock, Clay, Sand, Gravel, Silt |
