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प्रश्न
What are black soils? Describe their formation and characteristics.
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उत्तर
Black soils are formed by volcanoes. These soils are also known as the ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’.
Features: The black soils are generally clayey, deep, and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, this soil develops wide cracks.
Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially; the rain-fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season.
Chemical Composition: Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter. The colour of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
Areas: Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Tamil Nadu. In the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna, and the northwestern part of the Deccan Plateau, the black soil is very deep.
संबंधित प्रश्न
The water holding capacity is the highest in ___________.
Give one geographical reason for the following:
Laterite soil is red in colour.
Mention two similarities between red soil and laterite soil.
State the characteristic of each of the soils named below that makes them most suitable for crop cultivation:
Black Soil
Give a geographical reason for each of the following:
Alluvial soil is extremely fertile.
Name the Indian soil which is formed due to the weathering of basic igneous rocks.
name two states of India where this type of soil is found.
Give a geographical reason for the following:
Dry farming is preferred in areas with red soil.
Name the following :
An important transported soil of India.
What do you mean by ‘Soil’?
Mention two ways by which Soil can get nitrogen.
Where are Alluvial Soils found in India?
Name the important crops grown on it.
Name one important crop that thrives best in Regur and Red Soil, and a sea-port from where it is exported.
Where is Red Soil found?
Why it is necessary of Soil conservation ?
Why is deltaic alluvium more fertile than coastal alluvium?
Why is the Red Soil red in colour?
Name one state in India which mostly has Red Soil.
Distinguish between the following.
Alluvial soil and red soil.
Name the soil which
Covers the summits of the Eastern Ghats.
Name the soil which
Makes up the delta of the River Ganga.
Give a single word for the following:
The process of percolation by which valuable mineral nutrients are washed down from the top layer of the Soil only to deposit them in the lower layers, making the top Soil infertile.
What are the various uses of soil?
The soil which contains a bigger-sized particle is ______.
Which one of the following soil is the best for cotton cultivation?
On an outline map of India, mark the areas covered by the following soil categories.
(i) Red soil
(ii) Laterite soil
(iii) Alluvial soil.
