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प्रश्न
What are black soils? Describe their formation and characteristics.
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उत्तर
Black soils are formed by volcanoes. These soils are also known as the ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’.
Features: The black soils are generally clayey, deep, and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, this soil develops wide cracks.
Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially; the rain-fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season.
Chemical Composition: Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter. The colour of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
Areas: Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Tamil Nadu. In the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna, and the northwestern part of the Deccan Plateau, the black soil is very deep.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Match the items in Column I with those in Column II:
| Column I | Column II |
| A home for living organisms | Large particles |
| Upper layer of the soil | All kinds of soil |
| Sandy soil | Dark in colour |
| Middle layer of the soil | Small particles and packed tight |
| Clayey soil | Lesser amount of humus |
State two cash crops that grow well in alluvial soil.
Give one geographical reason for the following:
Laterite soil is red in colour.
Name the soil which occurs ex situ
Differentiate between transported soil and In-situ soil, quoting a suitable example for each.
Name the process by which Laterite soil is formed. Mention one disadvantage of this soil.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
Name the following:
Soil that is rich in iron oxide.
Which subject deals with the study of Soil?
Mention the types of Soils found in India.
Or
Name the four major Soil types found in India, leaving out desert and mountain Soils.
Or
Name four major groups of Soil found in the Indian Plains and Plateaus.
Mention two ways by which Soil can get nitrogen.
Name one important crop that thrives best in Regur and Red Soil, and a sea-port from where it is exported.
How is Soil formed?
Explain the origin of the Black Soil. Name two States in India, which have Black Soil.
Where is Laterite Soil found?
State two disadvantages of Laterite Soil.
Why is Laterite Soil unsuitable for cultivation? Name an area where this Soil is found.
Mention two ways by which soil can get nitrogen.
Alluvial soils found in the lower courses and the upper courses of rivers.
Name the soil which
Covers the summits of the Eastern Ghats.
Give a single word for the following:
The loose rock material, together with humus, forming the uppermost layer of the earth’s crust and serving a source of food and moisture for plants.
Which type of soil is most suitable for growing the crop of cashew nut?
What are the various uses of soil?
Give information on importance of soils for plant growth.
Which one of the following soil is the best for cotton cultivation?
Which one of the following is the most widespread and most productive category of soil?
‘Regur Soil’ is another name for the ______
What is the difference between Khadar and Bhangar?
