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प्रश्न
What are black soils? Describe their formation and characteristics.
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उत्तर
Black soils are formed by volcanoes. These soils are also known as the ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’.
Features: The black soils are generally clayey, deep, and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, this soil develops wide cracks.
Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially; the rain-fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season.
Chemical Composition: Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter. The colour of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
Areas: Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Tamil Nadu. In the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna, and the northwestern part of the Deccan Plateau, the black soil is very deep.
संबंधित प्रश्न
List the differences between clayey soil and sandy soil.
State two cash crops that grow well in alluvial soil.
Give one geographical reason for each of the following:
Red soil requires irrigation.
Give one geographical reason for the following:
Laterite soil is red in colour.
Name the soil which is acidic in nature.
Mention two similarities between red soil and laterite soil.
Giver a geographical reason for the each of the following:
Alluvial soil differs in texture.
Give a geographical reason for each of the following:
Alluvial soil is extremely fertile.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
name two states of India where this type of soil is found.
Name the following :
An important transported soil of India.
Give a geographical reason for each of the following:
Terrace farming is an ideal soil conservation method for hilly regions.
Give a geographical reason for the following:
Dry farming is preferred in areas with red soil.
Which subject deals with the study of Soil?
What do you mean by ‘Soil’?
Name the Soil known for its self-ploughing quality and the capacity to hold moisture. Name any two cash crops for which it is specially suited.
Explain the origin of the Black Soil. Name two States in India, which have Black Soil.
Mention any two advantages of the Black Soil.
State two disadvantages of laterite soil.
State two differences between Black soil and Alluvial soil.
Give a single word for the following:
The process of percolation by which valuable mineral nutrients are washed down from the top layer of the Soil only to deposit them in the lower layers, making the top Soil infertile.
Name the transported Soil most widely found in India. State the two sub-categories into which it is generally divided. What are their local names and which one of them is superior to the other.
Point out the region where coastal alluvium is found.
Name the crops for which Red Soils is suitable.
Name one area where Laterite Soil is found in large-scale.
Which type of soil in India is most widespread and important?
Maharashtra -Types and Overall Distribution of Soil
Observe the map given above and answer the following questions:
- Which soil occupies most of the area in Maharashtra?
- In which areas are laterite soils found?
- Which soil is found in the river valleys of Maharashtra?
- Which soil is found in parts of the Sahyadri ranges?
- In which region is alluvial soil found?
The alluvial soil consists of ______.
Which of the following soils has self-aeration capacity?
On an outline map of India, mark the areas covered by the following soil categories.
(i) Red soil
(ii) Laterite soil
(iii) Alluvial soil.
