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प्रश्न
What are black soils? Describe their formation and characteristics.
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उत्तर
Black soils are formed by volcanoes. These soils are also known as the ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’.
Features: The black soils are generally clayey, deep, and impermeable. They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. So, during the dry season, this soil develops wide cracks.
Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self ploughing’. Because of this character of slow absorption and loss of moisture, the black soil retains the moisture for a very long time, which helps the crops, especially; the rain-fed ones, to sustain even during the dry season.
Chemical Composition: Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter. The colour of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
Areas: Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Tamil Nadu. In the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna, and the northwestern part of the Deccan Plateau, the black soil is very deep.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Tick the most suitable answer in question
In addition to the rock particles, the soil contains
With reference to black soil answer the following:
Give one chemical property of this soil.
Mention two differences between Alluvial Soil and Black Cotton Soil.
Name the soil which is acidic in nature.
Giver a geographical reason for the each of the following:
Alluvial soil differs in texture.
Give the geographical reason for different regions in India having different kinds of soil.
Name the process by which Laterite soil is formed. Mention one disadvantage of this soil.
With reference to Red Soils in India, answer the following questions:
Mention two important crops are grown in this soil.
Name the Indian soil which is formed due to the weathering of basic igneous rocks.
Name the following:
Soil that is rich in iron oxide.
What do you mean by ‘Soil’?
What is one disadvantage of Bhangar alluvium?
Which minerals are found in Regur Soil?
Name the soil which is formed due to high temperature and heavy rainfall with alternating wet and dry periods.
What are the different types of Soil according to their Zones?
Where is Red Soil found?
Define ‘Leaching’? In which region South of the Tropic of Cancer, can one find Soil formed by ‘Leaching’?
Why Black Soil needs to be tilled after the first rains?
Alluvial soils found in the lower courses and the upper courses of rivers.
On the map of India, shade and name an area each of:
(a) Alluvial Soil,
(b) Red Soil,
(c) Desert Soil and
(d) Hill Soil or Mountain Soil.
Which type of soil is most suitable for growing the crop of cashew nut?
What is the need and importance of soil testing from the point of view of farmers?
Complete the following table with reference to the soil.
| Action | Effect | Result (w.r.t. fertility) |
| Construction of embankments | ||
| Wind speed decreased | ||
| Farmland is kept fallow for some period | ||
| Humus content increased. | ||
| Trenches are dug across a slope | ||
| Litter is burnt on the farm. | ||
| Proves favorable for micro-organisms | ||
| The salt content in the soil increases | ||
| Chemical fertilizers used excessively |
The soil which contains a bigger-sized particle is ______.
Which of the following soils has self-aeration capacity?
Which one of the following is the most widespread and most productive category of soil?
‘Regur Soil’ is another name for the ______
On an outline map of India, mark the areas covered by the following soil categories.
(i) Red soil
(ii) Laterite soil
(iii) Alluvial soil.
Availability of water and minerals in the soil for maximum absorption by roots is in the –
