Question

The given diagram represents a nephron and its blood supply. Study the diagram and answer the following questions: 

(i) Label parts 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(ii) State the reason for the high hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus.
(iii) Name the blood vessel which contains the least amount of urea in this diagram.
(iv) Name the two main stages of urine formation.
(v) Name the part of the nephron which lies in the renal medulla.

Answer 1

(i)

1 – Collecting duct
2 – Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
3 – Descending limb of loop of Henle
4 – Bowman’s capsule

(ii) The diameter of efferent arteriole is narrower than the diameter of the afferent arteriole which builds the high hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus.

(iii) Efferent arteriole

(iv) The two main stages of urine formation are ultrafiltration and tubular reabsorption.

(v) Henle’s loop and collecting tubules