Question

State two features of a unitary state.

Discuss four features of a unitary state.

Examine the essential features of a unitary system of government.

State the two features of a unitary state are:

Describe any three features of ‘unitary government.’

Answer 1

An all-powerful Single Central Government: A unitary state vests all powers in a Single Government at the center that has supreme authority over the State. It legislates for the whole State by itself. The Central government delegates certain powers to the local governments.
Local government exists due to the Central government: The local governments are directed by the Center for all the work they do. The powers and functions of the local government can change at the whims and fancies of the Central government.

Answer 2

1. A Single Central all-powerful Government: In a Unitary State, the entire governing authority is held by a single central government, which has ultimate control over all regions and citizens. It is the only body that can create laws for the whole country. Other bodies, such as local governments, can only make rules if specifically authorized by the central government.
2. Local Governments exist at the will of the Central Government: In this system, local governments are established and empowered by the central authority. They act as administrative extensions of the central government, relying completely on it for their powers. The central government can modify, limit, or abolish their powers and jurisdictions at any time, and they must report back to the central authority.
3. Constitution can be Written or Unwritten: As all powers are centralised, there's no strict need for a written constitution. Whether the constitution is written or unwritten depends on the will of the people, and either can function effectively in a unitary system.
4. Flexibility of the Constitution and Administration: “The constitution of a unitary state is often flexible, as the central government holds the authority to amend it. However, if the constitution is written, some parts may still be rigid and require special procedures for amendment.”
5. Single Uniform Administration: The presence of a strong central government ensures a consistent and unified administration across the entire country. This system simplifies governance, avoids complications such as dual administration or dual citizenship, and reduces costs. In unitary states, a single legislature, executive, and judiciary manage all functions throughout the nation.