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Show that the three lines with direction cosines 1213,-313,-413; 413,1213,313; 313,-413,1213 are mutually perpendicular.

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प्रश्न

Show that the three lines with direction cosines `12/13, (-3)/13, (-4)/13;  4/13, 12/13, 3/13;  3/13, (-4)/13, 12/13 ` are mutually perpendicular.

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उत्तर

Two lines whose direction cosines are l1, m1, n1 and l2, m2, n2 respectively will be mutually perpendicular.

If,  l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0

(i) Lines with direction cosines `12/13, (-3)/13, (-4)/13; 4/13, 12/13, 3/13`

Here the values ​​of l1, m1, n are `2/13, (-3)/13, (-4)/13` respectively

And the values ​​of l2, m2, n are `4/13, 12/13, 3/13` respectively.

Now, l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2

= `12/13 xx 4/13 + ((-3)/13) (12/13) + ((-4)/13) (3/13)`

`= 48/169 - 36/169 - 12/169`

= 0

⇒ Hence, both the lines are perpendicular to each other.

(ii)  Lines with direction cosines `4/13, 12/13, 3/13; 3/13, (-4)/13, 12/13`

Now, l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2

= `4/13 xx 3/13 + 12/13 ((-4)/13) + 3/13 xx (12/13)`

`= 12/169 - 48/169 + 36/169`

= `(12 - 48 + 36)/169`

= 0

⇒ These two lines are perpendicular to each other.

(iii) Lines with direction cosines `3/13, (-4)/13, 12/13; 12/13, (-3)/13, (-4)/13`

Now, l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2

= `3/13 xx 12/13 + ((-4)/13) ((-3)/13) + 12/13 xx ((-4)/13)`

`= 36/169 + 12/169 - 48/169`

= `(36 + 12 - 48)/169`

= 0

⇒ Both lines are perpendicular to each other.

Therefore, the given lines are perpendicular to each other.

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अध्याय 11: Three Dimensional Geometry - Exercise 11.2 [पृष्ठ ४७७]

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एनसीईआरटी Mathematics Part 1 and 2 [English] Class 12
अध्याय 11 Three Dimensional Geometry
Exercise 11.2 | Q 1 | पृष्ठ ४७७

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