Question

Read and prepare a small presentation in about 100 to 150 words on the ideas of any two philosophers given below.

• Sant Dnyaneshwar
• Gautam Buddha
• Aurobindo Ghosh
• Kahlil Gibran
• Socrates.

Answer 1

Thoughts of Gautam Buddha

Gautam Buddha is known to all Indians as the founder of Buddhism who lived and taught in northern India in the 6th century B.C. Buddhism is a philosophy of life explained by Gautama Buddha. 'Buddha' means the enlightened one.
Gautam Buddha was not a god and the Buddhist philosophy does not involve any theistic worldview. The views of Buddha are solely aimed at liberating conscious beings from suffering. The core teaching of Buddhism are:

• The three universal truths: Shila, samadhi, prajnya
• The four noble truths: dukkha, samudaya, nirodh, magga.
• The noble eightfold path: right understanding, right thinking, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.
  These thoughts have motivated several people to lead their lives meaningfully and peacefully.

Thoughts of Socrates

Socrates was a Greek philosopher who lived during 469 - 399 B.C. in Athens. He was a famous and celebrated philosopher who led to the foundation of several streams of thought. More than a preacher, Socrates was a teacher who taught through the method of questioning. This method was known as 'dialectics' and further received popularity as the 'Socratic Method'.
During his philosophical tenure, Socrates established a number of notions. Some of them are given below.

• All virtue is knowledge.
• No one errs knowingly, no one errs willingly.
• All desire is for the good.
• It is better to suffer an injustice than to create one.
• A ruling is expertise.
  Other than establishing these notions, Socrates also inspired a lot of young minds. Some of his famous pupils are Glaucon, Terpison, and Plato.