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Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction: n3 – 7n + 3 is divisible by 3, for all natural numbers n.

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प्रश्न

Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

n3 – 7n + 3 is divisible by 3, for all natural numbers n.

प्रमेय
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उत्तर

P(n) = n3 – 7n + 3 is divisible by 3.

So, substituting different values for n, we get,

P(0) = 03 – 7 × 0 + 3 = 3 which is divisible by 3.

P(1) = 13 – 7 × 1 + 3 = −3 which is divisible by 3.

P(2) = 23 – 7 × 2 + 3 = −3 which is divisible by 3.

P(3) = 33 – 7 × 3 + 3 = 9 which is divisible by 3.

Let P(k) = k3 – 7k + 3 be divisible by 3.

So, we get,

⇒ k3 – 7k + 3 = 3x.

Now, we also get that,

⇒ P(k + 1) = (k + 1)3 – 7(k + 1) + 3

= k3 + 3k2 + 3k + 1 – 7k – 7 + 3

= 3x + 3(k2 + k – 2) is divisible by 3.

⇒ P(k + 1) is true when P(k) is true.

Therefore, by Mathematical Induction,

P(n) = n3 – 7n + 3 is divisible by 3, for all natural numbers n.

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अध्याय 4: Principle of Mathematical Induction - Exercise [पृष्ठ ७०]

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एनसीईआरटी एक्झांप्लर Mathematics Exemplar [English] Class 11
अध्याय 4 Principle of Mathematical Induction
Exercise | Q 5 | पृष्ठ ७०

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