Question

On what principle are the following methods of separation based? Give one example of a mixture for each of the methods mentioned in which they are used

By using a separating funnel

Answer 1

By using a separating funnel : It is a simple device used to separate the components of a liquid-liquid heterogeneous mixture.
Example : Kerosene oil and water. The mixture is placed in a separating funnel and allowed to stand for sometime. The components form two clear layers. Water being heavier forms the lower layer and oil being lighter forms the upper layer. When the stopper of the funnel is opened, the heavier liquid trickles out slowly and is collected in a vessel. The stopper is closed when the bottom layer is entirely removed the funnel. In this way, the two liquids are separated