Question

Observe the following diagram and answer the questions given below:

1. Identify the above diagram.    (1)
2. Write the principle on which the above appliance works.   (1)
3. Write the working of the above appliance.   (2)
4. Write the use of the above appliance.   (1)

Answer 1

1. It is a working electric generator.
2. An electric generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. An electric generator's coil generates a current when it rotates in a magnetic field. The induced current then passes through the circuit connecting to the coil.
3. Working: When the axle is rotated by a machine from the outside, the coil ABCD begins to rotate. Assuming the coil rotates clockwise, as seen from side AD, the branch AB moves higher while the branch CD moves downward. The induced current follows the path A → B → C → D according to Fleming's right-hand rule. In the external circuit, it flows from B₂ to B₁ via the galvanometer. The induced current is proportional to the number of turns on the copper wire in the coil. After half a cycle, AB and CD switch places. As a result, the induced current flows from D to C, then to B, and finally to A. Because AB is constantly in contact with B and CD is in contact with B₂, the current in the external circuit flows from B₁ to B₂ via the galvanometer. As a result, the current in the external circuit flows in the opposite direction as it did in the previous half rotation. The process is repeated, resulting in an alternating current.
4. This machine is used to produce electricity.