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प्रश्न
Here is a list of a few things. Can you tell how long each of them can live /exist?
(a) a dog
(b) an elephant
(c) a tree
(d) a human being
(e) a star
(f) a mountain
(g) a river
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उत्तर
(a) A dog can live up to 20-23 years.
(b) An elephant can live up to 80 years.
(c) A tree can live for a few hundred years,
(d) A human being can live for 100-135 years.
(e) A star can live up to billions of years.
(f) A mountain can exist for millions of years,
(g) A river can exist for millions of years.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Based on your reading of the story, answer the following questions by choosing
the correct option.
Pescud felt that best-sellers were not realistic as.
Answer the following questions:
How many hills and bridges does the brook pass during its journey?
Answer the following questions:
‘I make the netted sunbeam dance’. What does ‘the netted sunbeam’ mean? How does it dance?
List common dilemmas that teenagers face involving the choice of one or more “roads”. Give examples of “roads” that you must travel (e.g. facing peer pressure, choosing friends, observing rules laid down by school and parents, acting on your own values).
On the basis of your understanding of the poem, answer the following question
by ticking the correct choice.
The tone of the speaker in the first stanza is that of ______________.
Roads are fascinating as metaphors for life, change, journeys, partings,
adventure, etc. or simply as roads. This is probably why they, and all their
attendant images, have permeated art, literature and songs. In the poem, Frost
uses the fork in the road as a metaphor for the choices we make in life. Thus the
roads are, in fact, two alternative ways of life. What other nouns, according to
you could be used to represent life?
River
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
Complete the following sentences about the poem.
- In the first stanza, the poet refers to four pieces of evidence: large shoes, a long bed, the Bible, fields cluttered with boulders and a leaky barn. This leads the poet to conclude that ‘the man of the house’ was ________________
- I think that the child was probably about six years old because_____________ .
- The poet suggests that a woman lived in the farmhouse because______________ .
- The family probably left the farmhouse because____________________________ .
Read the following extracts and answer the question that follow by choosing
the .correct options.
'While you were upstairs, I have been thinking a lot about your Papa and Mamma.
(a) What is the discrepancy between what Gaston said earlier and what he says now?
(i) Earlier he did not want Juliette's parents to stay with them but now he is
showing concern for them.
(ii) Earlier he wanted Juliette's parents to stay with them but now he does not want
them to come over.
(iii) Earlier he wanted to buy a house for them but how he wants them to come and
stay in their villa.
(iv) Earlier he stayed in Juliette's parents' villa but now he wants them to stay with
him and Juliette.
(b) What does the above statement reveal about Gaston's character?
(i) he is selfish.
(ii) he is an opportunist.
(iii) he is a caring person.
(iv) he is a hypocrite.
Comparing Quantities
Study the following graph depicting major exports from Medland in the
current year.
Write a short report on major exports from Medland this year compared with the last year. Use words from the box above. Divide your report into two paragraphs as indicated:
Medland’s Export Trends
On the whole, Medland exported slightly less this year than the last year. Concerning foodstuffs,
_________________________________________________________________
As regards non-edible goods,_____________________________________________
Work in pairs and recognise how many words belong to each set. Complete the sentences as in the example. Use words only from the box above:
- Chemical elements?
Mercury, iron, ammonia__________ of___________ are chemical elements. - Countries in South America?
Brazil, Syria, Sumatra One____________ is a country in South America. - Rivers?
Hwang Ho, Mekong ____________ them are rivers. - Languages?
Telugu, Bengali, Punjabi, Holland____________are languages. - Capital cities?
Pokhara, Mandalay, New York, Melbourne___________of ____________a capital. - Grow on trees?
Pineapple, tomato_______________ of them grows on trees. - Religions?
Taoism, Democracy, Communism ____________of ____________ is a religion. - Units of currency?
rupee, kyat, yen, dollar, baht, rupiah ____________are units of currency.
In groups, work on one of the topics mentioned in 8(a)-(g). Research your topic by collecting relevant articles from the print and electronic media (like the National Geographic). Make a power point presentation of 10-12 minutes. You can also use film clippings to enrich your presentation.
(a) SOLAR MISSION
1) To promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generation .
2) To integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind. 
(b) ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1) To mitigate GHG through sector-specific and cross-cutting technology and fuel switch options.
2) To use more LNG and biomass fuels besides seeking tech transfer. 
(c) SUSTAINABLE HABITAT
1) To promote energy efficiency in the residential and commercial sectors through LPG use.
2) To manage municipal solid waste and urban public transport in a better way. 
(d) WATER MISSION
1) To promote efficient water use, augment supply in critical areas and ensure effective management of water resources.
2) To have better management of surface and groundwater,and conserve wetlands. 
(e) SUSTAINING HIMALAYAS
1) To enhance monitoring and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems, empower local communities for management of ecological resources and promote sustainable tourism. 
(f) GREEN INDIA
1) To reduce fragmentation of forests, enhance public and private investments for plantation, upscale joint forestry management and promote conservation of biodiversity. Need to afforest degraded lands.
(g) SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE :
1) To focus on four crucial areas - dry land agriculture, risk management, access to information and promoting the use of biotechnology.
2) To develop drought and pest resistant varieties. 
Answer the following question by ticking the correct option :
What did the man do to prove his point?
Work in pairs. Tell your partner what you are not able to do now because of the fast-paced life.
e.g. I could play in the open ground but now I can’t.
I could visit my aunt on weekends but …………
Each sentence has four words underlined. Select the one underlined word that is incorrect and write it in the box as shown.
- Machu Picchu is the pre-Columbian Inca site located 2430 mts above sea-level. [ The]
- It was situated on a mountain ridge in Peru. [_____]
- Machu Picchu was declared an UNESCO world heritage site in 1983.[_____]
- Before it was not plundered by the Spanish it is an important cultural site. [_____]
- This Peruvian historic sanctuary is considered a sacred place. [_____]
Complete the table for the story you have read. By asking and answering questions, exchange information with your partner (for the story you have not read) and complete the other half of the table.
| Name | Shravan | Narendra |
| Age | ||
| Parents | ||
| How he spends a typical day | ||
| Recreation / hobbies | ||
| Hopes / dreams / ambitions |
Here are the stories of the two boys. One student reads the story of Shravan Kumar and the second student reads the story of Narendra Kumar. After reading the story, each student completes bis or her half of the table in Question 3.
SHRAVAN KUMAR
His day begins when most other people's day ends. Thirteen-year old Shravan Kumar works in a tea shop on Delhi's Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, where several newspaper offices are situated. His work begins around seven in the evening when he starts preparing samosas, coffee and tea. He carries them to several offices, does the dishes, and goes around collecting his money well into the night. Around six in the morning, when all the newspapers are despatched for distribution and the press employees return home, he prepares his food, takes a bath and goes to bed.
Shravan is an orphan who crune to Delhi from his village in search of work. His father kept a shop, but was tricked out of it by a deceitful uncle. Despair drove him to alcohol and grunbling, and he died of a stroke soon after.
Shravan worked in a tea shop in his village for a while. "When I first began washing other people's cups and glasses", he recalls, "I used to feel very bad, I would cry."
Shravan moved to the more lucrative environs of Delhi, where his elder brother Shatrughan had preceded him. Ajob in a shop selling ice was his first taste of big city life. His mother crune to visit him in Delhi, but she fell ill and died soon after. "That was two or three years ago. I don't remember exactly when," the little boy says. Soon, Shravan lost his first job. His employer still owes him Rs 500.
Following a brief spell of unemployment and a short spell as an assistant at a car park, he joined the tea shop where he is presently employed. The ruthlessness and loneliness of the world has left him shattered. "I think I run all alone in this world," he says despondently.
Of the Rs 300 that he earns every month, he deposits Rs 200 in the bank. His bank balance stands at Rs 2000, he says proudly. Survival is his immediate aim but there is a larger objective towards which Shravan is working. He intends to retrieve the land that was mortgaged by his father. Already Shravan and Shatrughan have paid back the loan of Rs 8000 - only the interest remains to be paid.
Shravan was a dedicated lotte:ry buyer at one time; until he realized that it was adding nothing to his income. The cinema remains a favourite form of entertainment - he even wakes up early to see the noon show. "I have no friends here. Who keeps awake late at night and sleeps during the day? I miss my village. There, I used to play gully danda and marbles and I had a lot of friends. When I went to the village last year, I met them. They are still studying and playing games. I want to join them, but it is a question of survival for me."
Sharvan's mother wanted him to own a big shop - "like the one his father had owned," he says wistfully. He dreams of fulfilling her wish. He dreams of getting back their mortgaged land, and returning to the village for good, "I like being in my village. I like the films and the glitter of Delhi, but I prefer the greene:ry, the trees, and the fields of my village." Maybe the grit and intelligence he has shown, alone and friendless, in facing a hostile world, will also win for him his heart's desire.
NARENDRA KUMAR
Narendra Kumar, a thirteen year old Kendriya Vidyalaya student, was interviewed by The Illustrated Weekly of India. Read what he says about himself.
Interviewer : Hello, Narendra!
Narendra : Hello!
Interviewer : Congratulations! Narendra. I saw your photograph in the newspaper last week, when you won the Soviet Land Nehru Award for drawing and painting. Our readers are anxious to know more about you.
Narendra : Thank you, Sir. I think I was just lucky to get the award. The competition is held every year in my school and a large number of students take part in it.
Interviewer : That's good, very good. It's evident that your school encourages students to take part in various activities.
Narendra : Oh yes. Our teachers -especially my Art teacher, Mr. V. Sinha - gives us a lot of encouragement. My parents have encouraged me a lot, too.
Interviewer : When did you start painting?
Narendra : When I was three, I was attending the Shishu Vihar Nursery School. My teacher gave me a picture of a big kite one day. The picture was beautiful and that very day I asked my father to buy me some crayons and drawing paper... Soon my room was full of crayons and paper! I kept drawing whenever I found time. I now have a mini art room of my own at home!
Interviewer : That's great, really great! Do you want to become an artist when you grow up?
Narendra : No. Drawing and painting are just hobbies, which give me a great deal of pleasure. I want to become a police officer when I grow up. That's the only thing I've ever wanted to be.
Interviewer : Is that because your father is a police officer?
Narendra : Yes, maybe. I've been watching my father and other policemen for a very long time. I suppose I want to be like him!
Interviewer : Do you feel you have the qualities that a good police officer needs?
Narendra : Yes, I think so. A good police officer needs to be physically fit and mentally alert. I'm trying my best to grow into a healthy young man. I'm a member of the local sports club. I play tennis in the evenings and I also swim regularly.
Interviewer : How do you find time for all these activities?
Narendra : Well, I suppose I'm busy the whole day. Immediately after school I like to paint or play. I study before dinner and usually get to bed at about 10 o'clock.
Interviewer : Thank you, Narendra. It's been good talking to you. We wish you success.
Narendra : It's been a pleasure
Several youngsters have problems in dealing with their parents. With your partner, discuss the difference ln views and complete the table below. Sometimes there may be no contradiction between the two views.
| Features | As we see ourselves | As our parents see us |
| How tidy we are | ||
| The types of clothes we wear | ||
| How courteous we are | ||
| How much we study | ||
| How independently are we allowed to express our opinions |
Look at the notes given below and complete the paragraph that follows by choosing the correct option from the choices given.
Kamala Das alias Kamala Suraiyya - famous Indian writer - published auto
biography - My story - translated - foreign languages.
Kamala Das also (a)_______________ is (b)_______________She (c)_____________ ‘My Story’ when she was 42 years old. Her autobiography (d)________________ into many foreign languages.
| (a) (i) called as Kamala Suraiyya (ii) known by Kamala Suraiyya (iii) known as Kamala Suraiyya (iv) said as Kamala Suraiyya |
(b) (i) famous Indian writer (ii) a famous Indian writer (iii) the famous Indian writer (iv) famous as an Indian writer |
| (c) (i) published her autobiography titled (ii) published an autobiography titled (iii) published an autobiography as (iv) published an autobiography as |
(d) (i) is being translated (ii) will be translated (iii) have been translated (iv) has been translated |
Identify the functions of the prepositions in each of these sentences.
1. George Washington served as the Commander-in-Chief during the
American Revolutionary War.
2. The assassin shot the leader with a gun.
3. Pratap bequeathed his property to charity.
4. Manoj was awarded a certificate for his good conduct.
5. The roof is covered with fire-proof sheets.
Think of a person in your class, and use adjective + prepositions to describe him/her in about two or three sentences. Don't give a name.
(a) e.g. She’s good at Maths.
She’s keen on hiking.
Show your description to your partner. Let her or him guess who it is.
(b) The following diagram explains the use of some of these prepositions.
| Destination | Position | Destination | Position | Reference |
| to •X | at •X | away from x ⇒ |
away from x • |
Referring to a |
| on (to) | on | off | off | Referring to a line or surface. |
| into | in | out of | out of | Referring to an enclosed area |
Notice the following peculiarities in the use of Prepositions.
1) at relates to a small extent of space or time while in relates to a wider extent.
2) with relates to the instrument used for doing something.
by relates to the doer
e.g. (1) This poem was composed~me
(2) I wrote with a Shaffer's pen.
3) between, among: between is used when there are two things or persons or
ideas, among is used for more than two.
e.g. ( 1) The property was divided between the twins.
(2) The gossip spread among the villagers.
4) beside, besides : beside means by the side of, besides means in addition to
e.g. (1) Ram sat beside his grandmother.
(2) Besides music, he is interested in painting.
5) in and within : in denotes at the close of some future period, within denotes
sometime short of the close
e.g. (1) The project will be implemented in a week's time.(= at the close)
(2) The plan will be sanctioned within a fort night(= less than)
