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प्रश्न
Give reason for the following:
Volumes of gases are converted into s.t.p. conditions and then compared.
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उत्तर
Volumes of gases are converted into s.t.p. conditions and then compared as
volumes of gases change with temperature and pressure – hence a standard value of temperature and pressure is chosen to which gas volumes are referred.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Molar volume is the volume occupied by 1 mol of any (ideal) gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP: 1 atmospheric pressure, 0 °C). Show that it is 22.4 litres
The figure shows the plot of PV/T versus Pfor 1.00×10–3 kg of oxygen gas at two different temperatures.
(a) What does the dotted plot signify?
(b) Which is true: T1 > T2 or T1 < T2?
(c) What is the value of PV/T where the curves meet on the y-axis?
(d) If we obtained similar plots for 1.00 ×10–3 kg of hydrogen, would we get the same value of PV/T at the point where the curves meet on the y-axis? If not, what mass of hydrogen yields the same value of PV/T (for low pressure high temperature region of the plot)? (Molecular mass of H2 = 2.02 u, of O2 = 32.0 u, R = 8.31 J mo1–1 K–1.)
Estimate the average thermal energy of a helium atom at the temperature of 10 million Kelvin (the typical core temperature in the case of a star).
Three vessels of equal capacity have gases at the same temperature and pressure. The first vessel contains neon (monatomic), the second contains chlorine (diatomic), and the third contains uranium hexafluoride (polyatomic).
Is the root mean square speed of molecules the same in the three cases? If not, in which case is vrms the largest?
Give reasons for the following:
Gas fills the vessel completely in which it is kept.
Match the following:
|
|
Column A |
Column B |
|
(a) |
cm3 |
(i) Pressure |
|
(b) |
Kelvin |
(ii) Temperature |
|
(c) |
Torr |
(iii) Volume |
|
(d) |
Boyle's law |
(iv) `"V"/"T" = ("V"_1)/("T"_1)` |
|
(a) |
Charles's law |
(v) `"PV"/"T" = ("P"_1 "V"_1)/"T"_1` |
|
|
|
(vi) PV = P1V1 |
Fill in the blanks:
If the temperature is reduced to half, ………….. would also reduce to half.
Estimate the average thermal energy of a helium atom at room temperature (27 °C).
A box of 1.00 m3 is filled with nitrogen at 1.50 atm at 300K. The box has a hole of an area 0.010 mm2. How much time is required for the pressure to reduce by 0.10 atm, if the pressure outside is 1 atm.
Two tanks of equal volume contain equal mass of oxygen and nitrogen at 127°C. Find the ratio of pressure in two tanks.
