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प्रश्न
Give a brief account of Mechanism of synaptic transmission.
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उत्तर
Mechanisms of synaptic transmission
synapse is a junction between two neurons. It is present between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of next neuron, separated by a cleft.
There are two types of synaptic transmission.
- Chemical transmission
- Electrical transmission
1. Chemical transmission:
- When a nerve impulse reaches the end plate of the axon, it releases a neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) across the synaptic cleft. This chemical is synthesised in the cell body of the neuron and is transported to the axon terminal.
- The acetylcholine diffuses across the cleft and binds to the receptors present on the membrane of the next neuron. This causes depolarization of membrane and initiates an action potential.
2. Electrical transmission:
- In this type of transmission, an electric current is formed in the neuron. This electric current generates an action potential and leads to the transmission of nerve impulses across the nerve fibre.
- This represents a faster method of nerve conduction than the chemical method of transmission.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Compare the following:
Resting potential and action potential
A person is showing symptoms like increased BMR, heart rate, pulse rate, blood pressure and deposition of fats in eye sockets. Name the disease he is suffering from.
Sketch and label formation of typical spinal nerve.
Long answer question.
Explain the process of conduction of nerve impulses up to the development of action potential.
What are the number of Na+ ions pumped out, and K+ ions pumped into the cell, with respect to the Na+ - K+ pump?
Which ions is the resting membrane more permeable to?
The axoplasm inside the axon contains high concentration of (i) ions and low concentration of _(ii)_ ions, during the resting state of the neuron.
Which of the following is TRUE for the external tissue fluid in polarized state?
Which of the following situations is responsible for resting membrane potential?
Identify the value of action potential.
Identify the correct path of transmission of nerve impulse.
When stimulus is applied to a membrane of neuron, it causes rapid influx of ____________.
Potential difference across resting membrane is negative. This is due to differential distribution of the following ions ______.
Complete the statement by choosing appropriate match among the following -
| a. Resting potential | i. Chemicals involved in the transmission of impulses at synapses. |
| b. Nerve impulse | ii. Gap between the pre synaptic and post synaptic neurons |
| c. Synaptic cleft | iii. Electrical potential difference across the resting neural membrane |
| d. Neurotransmitters | iv. An electrical wave like response of a neuron to a stimulation |
What is the difference between electrical transmission and chemical transmission?
Explain the process of the transport and release of a neurotransmitter with the help of a labelled diagram showing a complete neuron, axon terminal and synapse.
Write a short note on the following:
Synapse
Write one word for the following:
Point of contact between two nerve cells.
