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प्रश्न
Explain why cations are smaller and anions larger in radii than their parent atoms?
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उत्तर १
A cation has a fewer number of electrons than its parent atom, while its nuclear charge remains the same. As a result, the attraction of electrons to the nucleus is more in a cation than in its parent atom. Therefore, a cation is smaller in size than its parent atom.
On the other hand, an anion has one or more electrons than its parent atom, resulting in an increased repulsion among the electrons and a decrease in the effective nuclear charge. As a result, the distance between the valence electrons and the nucleus is more in anions than in it’s the parent atom. Hence, an anion is larger in radius than its parent atom.
उत्तर २
A cation is smaller than the parent atom because it has fewer electrons while its nuclear
charge remains the same. The size of anion will be larger than that of parent atom
because the addition of one or more electrons would result in increased repulsion among the electrons and a decrease in effective nuclear charge.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What does atomic radius and ionic radius really mean to you?
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with the following atom or ion:-
F-
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with the following atom or ion:-
Ar
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with the following atom or ion:-
Mg2+
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with the following atom or ion:-
Rb+
Consider the following species:-
N3–, O2–, F–, Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+
Arrange them in the order of increasing ionic radii.
Consider the following species:-
N3–, O2–, F–, Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+
What is common in them?
The size of isoelectronic species — F-, Ne and Na+ is affected by ______.
Ionic radii vary in
(i) inverse proportion to the effective nuclear charge.
(ii) inverse proportion to the square of effective nuclear charge.
(iii) direct proportion to the screening effect.
(iv) direct proportion to the square of screening effect.
The correct order of ionic radii for the ions s2−, Cl−, p3−, Ca2+ is ______.
The size of iso-electronic species Cl-, Ar and Ca2+ is affected by ______.
Which one of the following has the largest ionic radius?
