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प्रश्न
Explain in detail the four fundamental forces in nature.
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उत्तर
- It is known that there exists gravitational force between two masses and it is universal in nature. Our planets are bound to the sun through the gravitational force of the sun.
- The force between two charges there exists electromagnetic force and it plays a major role in most of our day-to-day events.
- The force between two nucleons, there exists a strong nuclear force and this force is responsible for the stability of the nucleus.
- In addition to these three forces, there exists another fundamental force of nature called the weak force. This weak force is even shorter in range than the nuclear force. This force plays an important role in the beta decay and energy production of stars.
- During the fusion of hydrogen into helium in the sun, neutrinos and enormous radiations are produced through the weak force.
- Gravitational, electromagnetic, strong, and weak forces are called fundamental forces of nature.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion. Show how in both these processes energy is released. Calculate the energy release in MeV in the deuterium-tritium fusion reaction :
`""_1^2H+_1^3H->_2^4He+n`
Using the data :
m(`""_1^2H`) = 2.014102 u
m(`""_1^3H`) = 3.016049 u
m(`""_2^4He`) = 4.002603 u
mn = 1.008665 u
1u = 931.5 MeV/c2
In a photon-electron collision ______.
(A) only total energy is conserved.
(B) only total momentum is conserved.
(C) both total energy and total momentum are conserved.
(D) both total momentum and total energy are not conserved
Calculate the height of the potential barrier for a head on collision of two deuterons.
(Hint: The height of the potential barrier is given by the Coulomb repulsion between the two deuterons when they just touch each other. Assume that they can be taken as hard spheres of radius 2.0 fm.)
Write notes on Nuclear fission
Write notes on Nuclear fusion
In a nuclear reaction
`"_2^3He + _2^3He -> _2^4He +_1^1H +_1^1H + 12.86 Me V` though the number of nucleons is conserved on both sides of the reaction, yet the energy is released. How? Explain.
Consider the fusion in helium plasma. Find the temperature at which the average thermal energy 1.5 kT equals the Coulomb potential energy at 2 fm.
The curve of binding energy per nucleon as a function of atomic mass number has a sharp peak for helium nucleus. This implies that helium nucleus is ______.
For a nuclear fusion process, the suitable nuclei are:
Nuclear fusion reaction that powers the sun involves:
