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प्रश्न
Explain in detail the four fundamental forces in nature.
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उत्तर
- It is known that there exists gravitational force between two masses and it is universal in nature. Our planets are bound to the sun through the gravitational force of the sun.
- The force between two charges there exists electromagnetic force and it plays a major role in most of our day-to-day events.
- The force between two nucleons, there exists a strong nuclear force and this force is responsible for the stability of the nucleus.
- In addition to these three forces, there exists another fundamental force of nature called the weak force. This weak force is even shorter in range than the nuclear force. This force plays an important role in the beta decay and energy production of stars.
- During the fusion of hydrogen into helium in the sun, neutrinos and enormous radiations are produced through the weak force.
- Gravitational, electromagnetic, strong, and weak forces are called fundamental forces of nature.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Calculate the energy in fusion reaction:
`""_1^2H+_1^2H->_2^3He+n`, where BE of `""_1^2H`23He=7.73MeV" data-mce-style="position: relative;">=2.2323He=7.73MeV MeV and of `""_2^3He=7.73 MeV`
In a photon-electron collision ______.
(A) only total energy is conserved.
(B) only total momentum is conserved.
(C) both total energy and total momentum are conserved.
(D) both total momentum and total energy are not conserved
Write notes on Nuclear fission
Explain the processes of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion by using the plot of binding energy per nucleon (BE/A) versus the mass number A
Write one balanced equation to show Nuclear fusion
In a nuclear reaction
`"_2^3He + _2^3He -> _2^4He +_1^1H +_1^1H + 12.86 Me V` though the number of nucleons is conserved on both sides of the reaction, yet the energy is released. How? Explain.
Show that the minimum energy needed to separate a proton from a nucleus with Zprotons and N neutrons is `ΔE = (M_(Z-1,N) + M_B - M_(Z,N))c^2`
where MZ,N = mass of an atom with Z protons and N neutrons in the nucleus and MB = mass of a hydrogen atom. This energy is known as proton-separation energy.
Calculate the Q-values of the following fusion reactions :-
(a) `""_1^2H + ""_1^2H → ""_1^3H + ""_1^1H`
(b) `""_1^2H + ""_1^2H → ""_2^3H + n`
(c) `""_1^2H + ""_1^3H → _2^4H + n`.
Atomic masses are `m(""_1^2H) = 2.014102 "u", m(""_1^3H) = 3.016049 "u", m(""_2^3He) = 3.016029 "u", m(""_2^4He) = 4.002603 "u".`
(Use Mass of proton mp = 1.007276 u, Mass of `""_1^1"H"` atom = 1.007825 u, Mass of neutron mn = 1.008665 u, Mass of electron = 0.0005486 u ≈ 511 keV/c2,1 u = 931 MeV/c2.)
In a nuclear reactor, what is the function of a moderator?
Nuclear fusion reaction that powers the sun involves:
