Question

Evaluate the effectiveness of the Centre’s policies in handling the Assam Crisis from 1979-1985.

Answer 1

The Assam Crisis (1979-1985) was a period of significant unrest and violence in Assam, fuelled by illegal immigration from Bangladesh and the demand for the deportation of foreigners. The Centre’s policies during this period had mixed effectiveness:

1. Initial Neglect and Delayed Response: The Central Government first ignored Assam’s rising conflict, causing the issue to escalate. Delays in handling illegal immigration have contributed to the situation.
2. Assam Accord (1985): The Assam Accord, signed by the Central Government, Assam Government, and Assam Movement leaders, was a crucial step towards settling the issue. The Accord ended the six-year-long struggle and restored peace to the state. Key provisions of this accord are as follows:
   1. Determine and eliminate illegal immigrants who entered Assam after March 25, 1971.
   2. Economic development initiatives for Assam.
   3. Cultural and linguistic protection for the Assamese people.
3. Implementation Challenges: While the Assam Accord was a significant move, its implementation faced challenges. The slow and inefficient detection and deportation of illegal immigrants caused dissatisfaction among Assamese people.
4. Long-term Impact: The Assam Accord established a framework for addressing illegal immigration, yet the problem persists today. The immediate problem was somewhat resolved by the Central Government’s measures, but a long-term solution was not provided.