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प्रश्न
Distinguish between Homolysis and heterolysis.
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उत्तर
| No. | Homolysis (Homolytic fission) | Heterolysis (Heterolytic fission) |
| 1. | The symmetrical breaking of a covalent bond in which each departing atom takes one electron from the bonding pair is called as homolytic fission. | The unsymmetrical breaking of a covalent bond in which one of the departing atoms retains the bonding pair is called heterolytic fission. |
| 2. | In this type of fission, the formation of free radicals (uncharged species) bearing unpaired electrons takes place. | In this type of fission, the formation of charged species called ions, like carbocation or carbonium ion takes place. |
| 3. |
The covalent bond between two atoms of the same element or two atoms having nearly the same electronegativity breaks in this manner.
|
The covalent bond between two atoms of the different elements or two atoms having different electronegativity values breaks in this manner.
|
| 4. | This takes place favourably in a nonpolar solvent. | This takes place favourably in a polar solvent. |
| 5. | Generally, reaction takes place at high temperature or in presence of UV light or peroxides. | Heterolysis takes place in solutions (polar condition). |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Identify the α - carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
Identify the α-carbon in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogens.
\[\ce{CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3}\]
Draw a resonance structure of the following:
Acetate ion
Distinguish between Inductive effect and resonance effect.
Distinguish between Electrophile and nucleophile.
Write true or false. Correct the false statement.
Heterolytic fission results in the formation of free radicals.
Choose the correct option.
Which of the following statements are true with respect to electronic displacement in a covalent bond?
a. Inductive effect operates through π bond
b. Resonance effect operates through σ bond
c. Inductive effect operates through σ bond
d. Resonance effect operates through π bond
Choose the correct option.
Hyperconjugation involves overlap of ______ orbitals.
The correct IUPAC name of the compound 
is ______.
Choose the correct option.
The geometry of a carbocation is ______.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about hyperconjugation?
Which among the following is a set of nucleophiles?
Which of the following shows positive resonance (+R) effect?
Which of the following alkyl groups shows maximum positive inductive effect?
The most unstable free radical among the following is:
The overlap of σ-p orbitals is called ____________.
Which of the following is the most unstable carbocation?
IUPAC name of 
is ______.
Which of the following represents a set of nucleophiles?
Which of the following is NOT an electrophile?
Resonance is NOT exhibited by ____________.
Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability.
- Methyl
- Vinyl
- Allyl
- Benzyl
Identify the α - carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{⊕}{C}H - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α-carbon in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{⊕}{C}H - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α - carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen in each.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{\oplus}{C}H -CH2 - CH2 }\]
Identify the α-carbon in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α-carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3
Identify the α - carbon in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3}\]
