Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Distinguish between Homolysis and heterolysis.
Advertisements
उत्तर
| No. | Homolysis (Homolytic fission) | Heterolysis (Heterolytic fission) |
| 1. | The symmetrical breaking of a covalent bond in which each departing atom takes one electron from the bonding pair is called as homolytic fission. | The unsymmetrical breaking of a covalent bond in which one of the departing atoms retains the bonding pair is called heterolytic fission. |
| 2. | In this type of fission, the formation of free radicals (uncharged species) bearing unpaired electrons takes place. | In this type of fission, the formation of charged species called ions, like carbocation or carbonium ion takes place. |
| 3. |
The covalent bond between two atoms of the same element or two atoms having nearly the same electronegativity breaks in this manner.
|
The covalent bond between two atoms of the different elements or two atoms having different electronegativity values breaks in this manner.
|
| 4. | This takes place favourably in a nonpolar solvent. | This takes place favourably in a polar solvent. |
| 5. | Generally, reaction takes place at high temperature or in presence of UV light or peroxides. | Heterolysis takes place in solutions (polar condition). |
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Find out the most stable species from the following. Justify
`dot"CH","CH"_3-dot"CH" - "CH"_3,` \[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{CH3 -\dot{C} - CH3}\\
|\phantom{.}\\\phantom{..}\ce{CH3}\end{array}\]
Find out the most stable species from the following. Justify.
`bar"C""H"_3, bar"C""H"_2"Br", bar"C""Br"_3`
Find out the most stable species from the following. Justify.
\[\ce{\overset{+}{C}H3, \overset{+}{C}H2Cl, \overset{+}{C}Cl3}\]
Identify the α-carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH_3 - CH_2 - \overset{⊕}{C}H-CH_2 - CH_3}\]
Identify the α-carbon in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogens.
\[\ce{CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3}\]
Draw a resonance structure of the following:
Phenol
Draw a resonance structure of the following:
Benzaldehyde
Distinguish between Electrophile and nucleophile.
Write true or false. Correct the false statement.
Heterolytic fission results in the formation of free radicals.
Draw all the no-bond resonance structures of isopropyl carbocation.
Choose the correct option.
Hyperconjugation involves overlap of ______ orbitals.
Predict the order of reactivity of the following compounds by SNl reaction mechanism.
\[\ce{\underset{\text{(I)}}{C6H5CH(C6H5)Cl}}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{(II)}}{C6H5CH2Cl}}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{(III)}}{C6H5C(CH3)(C6H5)Cl}}\]
Which of the following is NOT an electrophile?
Which of the following shows positive resonance (+R) effect?
Which of the following is the most unstable carbocation?
Which of the following alkyl groups shows least positive inductive effect?
Which of the following is NOT an electrophile?
Resonance is NOT exhibited by ____________.
Which element among the following does form pπ - pπ multiple bonds?
Identify the group that exerts electron withdrawing resonance effect.
Identify the α - carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{⊕}{C}H - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α - carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{⊕}{C}H - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α-carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α - carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{⊕}{C}H - CH2 - CH3}\]
Identify the α-carbons in the following species and give the total number of α-hydrogen.
\[\ce{CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3}\]
