Question

Describe the model which states that intellectual activity involves the three interdependent functioning of neurological systems.

Answer 1

According to the PASS model, an information processing approach-based hypothesis, intellectual activity involves the interdependent functioning of three neurological systems known as functional units of the brain. These units are responsible for:

• the arousal and attention.
• the simultaneous and successive processing.
• the planning.

Arousal and Attention:

1. A person can process information and pay attention to stimuli when they are in an arousal state.
2. The ideal level of arousal directs our attention to pertinent components of a problem, while too much or too little excitement impairs performance and attention.

Example:

Arousal helps the individual to focus one's attention on reading, learning and revising the contents of the material to be learnt.

Simultaneous and Successive Processing:

1. Simultaneous Processing refers to perceiving relations amongst various concepts and integrate them into meaningful patterns for comprehension. For e.g., in Raven's standard progressive matrices (RSPM Test) choosing appropriate pattern by comprehending relationship.
2. Successive Processing refers to recalling information serially so that one recall leads to another recall. For example, learning of digits and letters and multiplication tables.

Planning:

1. Planning is engaged when the information is handled and analysed. Reaching the aim and assessing their effectiveness are both part of planning.
2. If a plan fails, it is adjusted to meet the needs of the task or situation. To tackle a test scheduled by your teacher, for example, you'd have to make goals, arrange a study programme, request clarification in case of complications, or think of alternative approaches to fulfill your goals.