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प्रश्न
Describe the model which states that intellectual activity involves the three interdependent functioning of neurological systems.
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उत्तर
According to the PASS model, an information processing approach-based hypothesis, intellectual activity involves the interdependent functioning of three neurological systems known as functional units of the brain. These units are responsible for:
- the arousal and attention.
- the simultaneous and successive processing.
- the planning.
Arousal and Attention:
- A person can process information and pay attention to stimuli when they are in an arousal state.
- The ideal level of arousal directs our attention to pertinent components of a problem, while too much or too little excitement impairs performance and attention.
Example:
Arousal helps the individual to focus one's attention on reading, learning and revising the contents of the material to be learnt.
Simultaneous and Successive Processing:
- Simultaneous Processing refers to perceiving relations amongst various concepts and integrate them into meaningful patterns for comprehension. For e.g., in Raven's standard progressive matrices (RSPM Test) choosing appropriate pattern by comprehending relationship.
- Successive Processing refers to recalling information serially so that one recall leads to another recall. For example, learning of digits and letters and multiplication tables.
Planning:
- Planning is engaged when the information is handled and analysed. Reaching the aim and assessing their effectiveness are both part of planning.
- If a plan fails, it is adjusted to meet the needs of the task or situation. To tackle a test scheduled by your teacher, for example, you'd have to make goals, arrange a study programme, request clarification in case of complications, or think of alternative approaches to fulfill your goals.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the case given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option:
This is a story of three students Ruby, Radhika and Shankar who were enrolled in an Undergraduate Psychology Program in a University. Ruby was the admission officer’s dream. She was selected for the program as she had perfect entrance test scores, outstanding grades and excellent letters of recommendation. But when it was time for Ruby to start coming up with ideas of her own, she disappointed her professors.
On the other hand, Radhika did not meet the admission officer’s expectations. She had good grades but low entrance exam scores. However, her letters of recommendation described her as a creative young woman. She could design and implement research work with minimal guidance at college.
Shankar ranked somewhere in between the two students. He was satisfactory on almost every traditional measure of success. But rather than falling somewhere in the middle of his class at college, Shankar proved to be an outstanding student. His strength lay in the ability to not only adapt well to the demands of his new environment but also to modify the environment to suit his needs.
Identify the theory of intelligence which best explains the intelligence of all the three students in the story.
Read the case given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option:
This is a story of three students Ruby, Radhika and Shankar who were enrolled in an Undergraduate Psychology Program in a University. Ruby was the admission officer’s dream. She was selected for the program as she had perfect entrance test scores, outstanding grades and excellent letters of recommendation. But when it was time for Ruby to start coming up with ideas of her own, she disappointed her professors.
On the other hand, Radhika did not meet the admission officer’s expectations. She had good grades but low entrance exam scores. However, her letters of recommendation described her as a creative young woman. She could design and implement research work with minimal guidance at college.
Shankar ranked somewhere in between the two students. He was satisfactory on almost every traditional measure of success. But rather than falling somewhere in the middle of his class at college, Shankar proved to be an outstanding student. His strength lay in the ability to not only adapt well to the demands of his new environment but also to modify the environment to suit his needs.
Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R).
Assertion (A): Shankar is not high in contextual intelligence.
Reason (R): Shankar was good at adapting well to the demands of his new environment and modifying the environment to suit his needs.
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| When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a "useless" baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the 'advice' they received and raised him with love and affection. "They are the richest people I know," says Srikanth. |
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