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प्रश्न
Complete the following chart:
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उत्तर
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What are vestigial organs?
Give two examples of vestigial organs in human beings and plants.
Select two pairs from the following which exhibit divergent evolution. Give reasons for your answer.
(i) Forelimbs of cheetah and mammals
(ii) Flippers of dolphins and penguins
(iii) Wings of butterflies and birds
(iv) Forelimbs of whales and mammals
Differentiate between analogy and homology giving one example each of plant and animal respectively.
State a reason for the increased population of dark coloured moths coinciding with the loss of lichens (on tree barks) during industrialization period in England.
Which one of the following pairs of vegetables is an example of homologous structures?
(A) Potato and sweet potato
(B) Carrot and radish
(C) Carrot and tomato
(D) Tomato and radish
Find out from newspapers and popular science articles any new fossil discoveries or controversies about evolution.
Name any two temporary embryonic structures in vertebrates which provide evidence for evolution.
How do homologous organs help in providing evidence for organic evolution?
The presence of which of the following types of organs in two organisms indicates that they are derived from the same ancestor?
(a) analogous organs
(b) respiratory organs
(c) digestive organs
(d) homologous organs
One pair of organs in the following animals are not homologous. This is :
(a) forelimbs in humans and lizard
(b) forelimbs in lizard and frog
(c) wings in butterfly and bat
(d) wings in bat and bird
The wings of a housefly and the wings of a sparrow are an example of :
(a) analogous organs
(b) vestigial organs
(c) respiratory organs
(d) homologous organs
X, Y, and Z are three animals. The animal X can fly but animal Y can only run on ground or walls. The forelimbs of animals X and Y have the same basic design but they are used for different purposes such as flying and running respectively. The animal Z became extinct an long time ago. The study of fossils of Z tells us that it had some features like those of X and some like those of Y. In fact, Z is said to form a connecting link in the evolutionary chain of X and Y.
(a) What could the animals X, Y and Z be?
(b) What name is given to the forelimbs like those of X and Y which have the same basic design but different functions?
(c) Name one feature in which Z resembled X.
(d) Name one feature in which Z resembled Y.
(e) Which is the correct evolutionary chain involving X, Y and Z : X → Z → Y or Y → Z → X?
The organs P and Q of two animals have different structures but similar functions. On the other hand, the two organs R and S of two other animals have the same basic structure but different functions.
(a) What are the organs like P and Q known as?
(b) Name the organs like P and Q. Also name the animals which have such organs.
(c) What are the organs like R and S called?
(d) Name the organs like R and S. Also name the animals which have such organs.
Select a set of homologous organs from the following:
(A) Wings of a bat and wings of a butterfly
(B) Wings of a pigeon and wings of a bat
(C) Wings of a butterfly and wings of a pigeon
(D) Forelimbs of a duck, forelimbs of a cow and forelimbs of a lizard
Explain with suitable examples importance of anatomical evidence in evolution.
Define fossil.
Define phylogeny.
What are homologous structures?
Find an odd one out.
The decaying process of C-14 occurs continuously in dead organisms only.
Match the following.
| Column A | Column B |
| 1) Morphological evidences | a) Tail-bone or wisdom teeth |
| 2) Paleontological evidences | b) Leaf venation |
| c) Fossils |
Give scientific reason.
Peripatus is said to be the connecting link between Annelida and Arthropoda.
Give scientific reason.
Vertebrates have slowly originated from invertebrates.
Give scientific reason.
Duck-billed platypus shows relationship with mammals.
Write a short note:
Embryological evidences
Select vestigial organs from the following.
Where is carbon dating used?
The bones of forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and man are similar in structure, because ______.
Fossils are generally found in ______.
What were the characteristics of life forms that had been fossilised?
How do we compute the age of a fossil?
Explain divergent evolution in detail. What is the driving force behind it?
I am the connecting link of annelida and arthropoda. What is my name?
Give a scientific reason.
Morphological evidences suggest that dog, sheep and wolf have a common origin.
Evolutionary convergence is the development of a ______.
Write names of some vestigial organs in the human body.
