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प्रश्न
Asha's mother read an article in the newspaper about a disaster that took place at Chernobyl. She could not understand much from the articles and asked a few questions from Asha regarding the article. Asha tried to answer her mother's questions based on what she learnt in Class XII Physics.
(a) What was the installation at Chernobyl where the disaster took place? What according to you, was the cause of this disaster?
(b) Explain the process of release of energy in the installation at Chernobyl.
(c) What according to you, were the values displayed by Asha and her mother?
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उत्तर
(a) Nuclear power plant was installed at Chernobyl where the disaster took place. The Chernobyl accident was the result of a flawed reactor design that was operated with inadequately trained personnel.
(b) The process of release of energy in the installation at Chernobyl was nuclear fission.
Nuclear fission is the splitting of heavy nucleus into two or more lighter nuclei. In a typical nuclear reaction involving 235U and a neutron:
`""_92^235 U + n = ""_56^141Ba +""_36^92Kr + 3n + Q`
For a fission reaction, two conditions need to be satisfied:
(i) Critical mass of the substance (the minimum amount of mass is required for fission to be self-sustaining).
(ii) A relatively slow neutron is required to initiate the process.
(c) Qualities showed by Asha is:
- Knowledgeable
Qualities showed by Asha's mother is :
- Curious
संबंधित प्रश्न
Using the curve for the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number A, state clearly how the release in energy in the processes of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion can be explained.
A heavy nucleus X of mass number 240 and binding energy per nucleon 7.6 MeV is split into two fragments Y and Z of mass numbers 110 and 130. The binding energy of nucleons in Y and Z is 8.5 MeV per nucleon. Calculate the energy Q released per fission in MeV.
In one average-life,
Assume that the mass of a nucleus is approximately given by M = Amp where A is the mass number. Estimate the density of matter in kgm−3 inside a nucleus. What is the specific gravity of nuclear matter?
What is the unit of mass when measured on the atomic scale?
The force 'F' acting on a particle of mass 'm' is indicated by the force-time graph shown below. The change in momentum of the particle over the time interval from zero to 8s is:
In the relation \[E = mc^2\], the quantity E represents:
The approximate value of the velocity of light in vacuum used in the mass-energy equivalence relation is:
Experimental verification of Einstein's mass-energy relation has been achieved in the study of:
In a reaction, the conservation law of energy states that the initial energy and the final energy are equal, provided that:
