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प्रश्न
Answer the following questions:
Why has the word ‘chatter’ been repeated in the poem?
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उत्तर
The word ‘chatter’ has been repeatedly used in the poem. The first use is, “I chatter over stony ways.” The second time it is, “I chatter, chatter as I flow.” The word ‘chatter’ means to talk quickly in a friendly way, without stopping. The poet uses the appropriate word to denote the non-stop talking sound of the brook while
it is negotiating its stony ways. Even the sound of the flowing river is repeatedly called ‘chatter’ as it is constant, non-stop and friendly.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
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(d) a human being
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Raghu : I think one of my snakes has escaped.
Sheela : Isn’t it dangerous? You really must stop collecting snakes, Raghu.
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Sheela : But I think it’s a dangerous thing to keep such pets.
Raghu : No, they’re not dangerous; they are really… .er… .quite friendly.
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You are a friend who has overheard this conversation between Raghu and Sheela. Write to your sister reporting it. Give the conversation an interesting, unexpected or humorous ending. (The first part has been done for you.)
Janpath
5 January 2016
Dear Varsha
As you’re very interested in Raghu and his snakes, I thought I’d tell you about a conversation I heard between him and Sheela.
He told her he thought one of his snakes had escaped and, as usual, she told him to stop collecting them because they were dangerous. (Typical of Sheela, don’t you think?)
Pronouns
Direct speech indirect speech
| masculine | feminine | plural | |
| i | he | she | they |
| you | he | she | they |
| you | him | her | them |
| your | his | her | their |
| me | him | her | them |
| my | his | her | their |
| myself | himself | herself | themselves |
| we | they | ||
| use | them, their |
WORDS DENOTING TIME AND POSITION
When the reporting verb is in the past tense, certain words denoting nearness of
time and place are changed into words denoting distance.
It is treated necessary to change the words denoting nearness to words denoting
distance because, when we report the words of a person to somebody, the place
and time of the reporting is changed.
So the reported speech must be in line with the modified time and place.
| DIRECT SPEECH | INDIRECT SPEECH |
| this | that |
| these | those |
| now | then |
| ago | before |
| last night |
the previous night the night before |
| next day |
the following day the day after |
| today | the day |
| tonight | that night |
| yesterday |
the previous day the day before |
| tomorrow |
the next day the following day the day after |
| day before yesterday | the day before the previous day or two days before |
| day after tomorrow | the day after the next day ot in two days |
| week | the following week |
| now | then |
| here | there |
