NCERT solutions for इन्ट्रोडूसिंग सॉसीओलॉजी [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता ११ chapter 1 - Sociology and Society [Latest edition]

Read the text from Mills carefully. Then examine the visual and report below. Do you notice how the visual is of a poor and homeless couple? The sociological imagination helps to understand and explain homelessness as a public issue. Can you identify what could be the causes for homelessness? Different groups in your class can collect information on possible causes for example, employment possibilities, rural to urban migration, etc. Discuss these. Do you notice how the state considers homelessness as a public issue that requires concrete measures to be taken, for instance, the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna–Gramin?

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna–Gramin, operationalised from 2016 is a major scheme by the Ministry of Rural Development (MORD) provides financial and labour support to houseless families and those living in dilapidated kutcha houses to build pucca houses. Can you think of other issues that show the connection between personal problems and public issues?

Discuss the visuals What kind of pluralities and inequalities do they show?

The recent National Family Health Survey of the Government of India suggests that access to sanitation facilities is more than 60 per cent. Find out about other indicators of social inequality, for instance education, health, employment etc.

An example of poverty has been given below and we also touched upon it in our discussion on the homeless. Think of other issues and how they could be explained in a naturalistic and sociological way.

Note how quickly Britain, the seat of the Industrial Revolution became an urban from a predominantly rural society. Was this process identical in India?

1810: 20 per cent of the population lived in towns and cities.

1910: 80 per cent of the population lived in towns and cities.

Significantly the impact of the same process was different in India, Urban centres did grow. But with the entry of British manufactured goods, more people moved into agriculture.

Find out how work is organised in a traditional village, a factory and a call centre.

Find out how industrial capitalism changed Indian lives in villages and cities.

Do you think advertisements actually influence people’s consumption patterns?

Do you think the idea of what defines ‘good life’ is only economically defined?

Do you think ‘spending’ and ‘saving’ habits are culturally formed?

Find out the kind of studies that were conducted during the last general elections. You will probably find both features of political science and sociology in them. Discuss how disciplines interact and mutually influence each other.

Find out how historians have written about the history of art, of cricket, of clothes and fashion, of architecture and housing styles.

Find out where in India did ancestors of the community of Santhal workers who have been working in the tea plantations in Assam come from.

When was tea cultivation started in Assam?

Did the British drink tea before colonialism?