Balbharati solutions for जिओग्राफी [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता १२ महाराष्ट्र राज्य मंडळ chapter 4 - Primary Economic Activities [Latest edition]

Observe the given in fig. map and answer the following questions:

1. Which economic activities are shown on the map?
2. In which regions do you don’t find any activity? What could be the reason?
3. In which latitudes do you primarily find the distribution of lumbering activity?
4. Why is fishing occupation only found in certain areas in the oceans?
5. Which primary economic activities are mostly found in Europe?
6. What production does the symbol of mining shown in seas and oceans depict?
7. In which continent is mining not found?
8. In which ocean is the world’s fishing mostly carried out?
9. Which primary economic activities are found to the south of Tropic of Capricorn?
10. Which primary activity is found in the islands of South East Asia?
11. Considering all the four continents, in which continent do you find less agriculture being practised?
12. Write a paragraph on relationship between latitudinal extent of agriculture and climate in your own words.

Complete the following table in your notebook. One has been done for you as an example.

With the help of the internet, find about the Wild Life (Conservation) Act.

1. Identify the images given above.
2. What are these products made from?
3. Where do you find the raw materials that are required to make these products?
4. What is the occupation of obtaining these raw materials called?

Complete Table in your notebook. One has been done for you as an example.

List out the effects of deforestation on the environment, animals, birds and humans.

What is the difference between fishing and pisciculture?

Find out how overexploitation of all kinds of animal resources affacts human lives and environment.

Mining causes air, water, land and noise pollution on a large scale. Look for one example of each.

Complete the chain by observing the columns A, B and C. Write the number of the relevant characteristics and type of agriculture in column A:

A) Image	B) Characteristics	C) Type of Agriculture
Characteristics no. .............. Type of Agriculture no. .............	1) • Small land holding. • Maximum yield from small land. • Food crops are dominant. • Manual labour and use of animals. • China, India, Japan, Korea, Sri Lanka and East Asian countries. • Rice is the major crop.	A) Shifting Agriculture
Characteristics no. .............. Type of Agriculture no. .............	2) • Large size of farm. • Capital intensive, more use of modern machinery. • Monoculture • Use of machinery from sowing to harvesting. • Cultivation and commercial animal husbandry is done together • Per hectare low but per capita income is high, • Temperate grassland, Steppes, Praries, Downs, Pampas, Velds. • Wheat and maize are the major crops.	B) Horticulture
Characteristics no. .............. Type of Agriculture no. .............	3) • Large farm size. • Capital intensive. • Monoculture. • Local labour is employed. • Crop is well managed for quality and processing. • Per hectare yield low but total production is high. • Once plantation is done, it gives production for 10 to 15 years. • Tea, coffee, rubber, cocoa etc., spice plantations in Kerala, cashewnut plantation in Konkan region. • Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Indonesia, Caribbean Islands, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam.	C) Market Gardening
Characteristics no. .............. Type of Agriculture no. .............	4) • Forest land is burnt and used for agriculture. • Very small farm size. • Production is very less. • Production can be taken for only 2 – 3 years. • Land left fallow and move ahead looking for another land. • Forest resources decline and soil erosion occurs. • Mainly practiced in forested tropical regions of Asia, South – East Asia, South and Central America and Africa.	D) Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
Characteristics no. .............. Type of Agriculture no. .............	5) • Modern type of agriculture. • Fulfill the demands of urban people it is developed in fringe areas. • Maximum production from limited agriculture area. • Use of capital is high. • Along with use of manual labour, use of scientific technology, knowledge and capital. • Organic and chemical manures or fertilizers and irrigation. • Practised in areas lying at distance of an overnight journey by trucks. • Vegetables, fruits, milk, eggs, meat, fish etc. • Developed mainly in highly industrialised and densely populated urban areas. e.g., fruits, vegetables and flowers from Khedshivapur, Saswad are brought to Pune.	E) Plantation Agriculture
Characteristics no. .............. Type of Agriculture no. .............	6) • Fruits, flowers, medicinal plants, ornamental plants etc. are produced for commercial use. • Use of manual labour and mechanization. • Practiced in tropical, Mediterranean and temperate regions where climate is supportive.	F) Extensive Commercial Agriculture

On the basis of the information given and pictures shown above, classify the factors affecting agriculture into physical and human factors.

Greenhouses and poly-houses are used for growing vegetation from specific regions in other regions. Similarly, can they be used in snow-capped regions and polar areas?

Besides these activities, can you think of other primary activities carried in the world? Make a list.

Choose the correct option and complete the sentence:

The gathering of various products from the forests for livelihood is mainly carried in ______.

Ideal location for fishing.

Primary Economic activity not related directly to latitudinal locations:

Choose the correct option and complete the sentence:

Characteristics of extensive commercial agriculture

Complete the chain:

Write a short note on plantation agriculture.

Write a short note on:

Physical factors and fishing

Write short notes on

Lumbering on a commercial scale

Write a short note on hunting and loss of ecosystem.

Give geographical reasons:

Agriculture is done on a large scale in India.

Give geographical reasons:

Mining is developed in Chhota Nagpur plateau of India.

Give geographical reason:

Lumbering is developed on a large scale in Canada.

Give geographical reasons:

Extensive agriculture is a commercial type of agriculture.

Give geographical reasons:

Lumbering is practiced more in coniferous region than in tropical region.

Give a geographical reason:

Hunting has been banned.

Differentiate between Lumbering in equatorial forests and Temperate forests.

Differentiate between:

Plantation agriculture and Extensive commercial agriculture.

Differentiate between:

Mining and Fishing.

What are the factors affecting commercial fishing?

Write a note on Intensive Subsistence agriculture.

Give characteristics of Market Gardening.

Write a note on the areas in the world practicing commercial animal husbandry.

Mining is dependent on the extraction of naturally occurring minerals. Explain.

Write in detail about the characteristics of primary economic activities.

On an outline map of the world, show the following with appropriate symbols and prepare an index:

1. Dogger Bank fishing area.
2. Area of lumbering in Asia.
3. Area of animal husbandry in Australia.
4. An area of agriculture in Europe.
5. Mining area in Arabian Sea.
6. Fishing area in South-West Atlantic Ocean. 

Given below is the data about the continent wise employment engaged in primary economic activities in the year 2018. Draw a suitable diagram to represent the data and answer the questions that follow:

1. In which continents is less than 10% of the population engaged in agriculture?
2. In which continent is more than 40% population engaged in agriculture?
3. Looking at the given data, can you arrange these continents in an ascending order on the basis of level of economic development?