Social Science SSLC (English Medium) Class 10 Tamil Nadu Board of Secondary Education Syllabus 2025-26

• Capitalist Countries’ Race for Markets
• Rise of Monopoly Capitalism
• Imperialism and its Essential Characteristics

• Europe
• Clashes amongst Great Powers
• Asia: The Rise of Japan
• Strong-arm Diplomacy of Japan
• Colonisation and its Fallout

A. Introduction 

B. Causes of the Revolution

• Social Causes 
• Role of Revolutionaries
• Autocracy of the Tsar
• Opposition to Tsar and Dissolution of Duma
• Popular Uprisings
• Abdication of Tsar 
• Provisional Government
• Failure of Provisional Government
• Takeover by the Bolshevik Party under Lenin’s leadership 
• Outcome of the Revolution
• Global Influence of the Russian Revolution

• Structure and Composition
• Objectives of the League
• Activities of the League
• Violations
• Causes of Failure

• Developments in the post-World War I
• Stock Market Crash in the US 
• Breakdown of the International System of Exchange
• Repercussion in Politics

A. The Impact of War in Italy  

• Emergence of Mussolini
• Fascists under Mussolini 
• Mussolini’s Pact with Pope
• Italy during the Great Depression

B. Germany in the post-War

• Evolution of German Fascism
• The Nazi State of Hitler
• Nazi Policy towards Jews
• Defiance of the Treaty of Versailles

A. French Indo-China

• Rise of Anti-Colonialism 
• The Emergence of Viet Minh

B. Decolonisation in India

• Dyarchy in Provinces
• Lack of Measures to Industrialise India
• Impact of Depression on Indian Agriculture
• Government of India Act, 1935

• Colonisation of Africa
• Boer Wars
• Nationalist Politics in South Africa
• Racist Policy against the Blacks

• Mayas and Aztecs
• European Colonisation and its Impact
• Impact of Napoleonic Invasion of Spain and Portugal
• The Monroe Doctrine
• Disunity among Latin American Nationalists
• US Imperial Interests 
• Great Depression in South America

• Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• Birth of Israel

• United Nations
• General Assembly and Security Council  
• Administrative Structure
• Other Important Organs of the UN 
• Activities of the UN
• World Bank
• International Monetary Fund (IMF)

1. China in the Pre-War Period
2. The Chinese Revolution 1911
3. Yuan Shih-kai and After
4. Communist Party of China

• Kuomintang and Chiang Kai Shek
• Mao as Organizer of Peasants 
• The Long March 1934
• Japanese Aggression
• Communist Victory
• National People’s Congress
• Denial of UNO Membership

1. Truman’s Policy of Containment of Communism
2. Marshall Plan

1. NATO
2. SEATO or Manila Pact (1954)
3. Warsaw Pact 
4. CENTO or the Baghdad Pact

• Third World Countries

• Meaning

• Cuban Missile Crisis

1. Council of Europe
2. European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
3. European Economic Community (EEC)
4. Single European Act (SEA)
5. European Union (EU)

• Disintegration of the Soviet Union

1. Raja Rammohan Roy and Brahmo Samaj
2. Maharishi Debendranath Tagore  
3. Keshab Chandra Sen & Brahmo Samaj of India
4. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
5. Prarthana Samaj

1.  Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Arya Samaj 1875
2. Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
3. Swami Vivekananda
4. Theosophical Movement - Contribution of Annie Besant

1. Jyotiba Phule
2. Narayana Guru
3. Ayyankali

• Sir Sayyid Ahmed Khan
• Aligarh Movement
• Deoband Movement

1. Ramalinga Swamigal
2. Iyothee Thassar

• Palayams and Palayakkarars: Eastern and Western Palayams

A. Revolt of Puli Thevar 1755–1767:

• Confederacy and Alliance with Enemies of the British
• Kalakadu Battle
• Yusuf Khan and Puli Thevar
• Fall of Puli Thevar 

B. Velunachiyar (1730–1796):

C. Rebellion of Veerapandya Kattabomman 1790-1799:

• Confrontation with Jackson
• Appearance before Madras Council 
• Kattabomman and the Confederacy of Palayakkarars
• The Siege of Panchalamkurichi 
• Execution of Kattabomman

D. The Marudhu Brothers:

• Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers (1800–1801) 
• Proclamation of 1801
• Fall of Sivagangai
• Carnatic Treaty, 1801

E. Dheeran Chinnamalai (1756–1805):

1. Grievances of Indian Soldiers
2. Outbreak of the Revolt: Gillespie’s Brutality
3. Consequences of Revolt
4. Estimate of Revolt

• Changes in the Revenue System
• Subletting of Land

A. Peasant Uprising

• Farazi Movement
• Wahhabi Rebellion in Barasat

B. Tribal Uprising

1. Kol Revolt
2. Santhal Hool (Insurrection): Outbreak  
   

C. Munda Rebellion

• Indigo Revolt 1859-60
• Deccan Riots 1875

• Rise of Nationalism
• Economic Critique of Colonialism
• Objectives and Methods
• Militant Nationalism

• Objectives of the Home Rule Movement
• Lucknow Pact (1916)
• British Response

• Evolution of Gandhi: Satyagraha as a Strategy in South Africa.

• Champaran Satyagraha
• Kheda Satyagraha
• Workers movement at Ahmedabad

1. No-Tax Campaign and Chauri Chaura Incident
2. Swarajists
3. Constructive Programme of Gandhi 
4. Boycott of Simon Commission
5. Nehru Report

1. Salt Satyagraha Movement: Salt Satyagraha in Provinces
2. Round Table Conferences
3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
4. Renewal of Civil Disobedience Movement
5. Communal Award and Poona Pact 
6. Campaign Against Untouchability

1. Foundation of Communist Party
2. Revolutionary Activities
3. Left Movement in the 1930s

1. Congress Ministries and their Work
2. Resignation of Congress Ministries
3.  National Movement during the Second World War, 1939–45

1. Individual Satyagraha
2. Cripps Mission
3. "Do or Die" Call by Gandhi 
4. Role of Socialists
5. People’s Response
6. Subhas Chandra Bose and INA

1. Royal Indian Navy Revolt
2. Negotiating Independence: Simla Conference
3. Cabinet Mission
4. Direct Action Day Call by Muslim League
5. Mountbatten Plan
6. Independence and Partition

• Madras Native Association
• Beginnings of the Nationalist Press: The Hindu and Swadesamitran
• Madras Mahajana Sabha
• Moderate Phase

1. Response in Tamilnadu
   - Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company
   - Tirunelveli Uprising
2. Revolutionary Activities in Tamil Nadu 
   - Ashe Murder
3. Annie Besant and the Home Rule Movement.

1. The South Indian Liberal Federation 
   - Justice Ministry
2. Government’s Repressive Measures: Rowlatt Act 
   - Rowlatt Satyagraha
3. Khilafat Movement

• Advent of the Printing Technology
• V.G. Suryanarayana Sastri (Parithimar Kalaignar) 
• Maraimalai Adigal
• Tani Tamil Iyakkam (Pure Tamil Movement)

• Programmes and Activities

• Periyar E.V.R.
• Periyar, a Feminist
• Rettaimalai Srinivasan
• M.C. Rajah

• Indian : Location, Size and Extent
• Indian Standard Time (IST)

1. The Greater Himalayas or Himadari
2. The Lesser Himalayas or Himachal
3. The Outer Himalayas or Siwaliks

• Introduction
• The Malwa Plateau
• The Deccan Plateau
• Chotanagpur Plateau
• Regions of the Peninsular Plateau

• Introduction
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Lakshadweep Islands
• Difference between Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands

• Rivers flowing in the Bay of Bengal
• Rivers flowing in the Arabian Sea

• Improved seeds
• Irrigation
• Modern methods of irrigation
• Modern Irrigation Methods

• Agricultural Seasons
• Agricultural Work
• Traditional Agriculture
• Land Reforms and Structural Changes in Agriculture
• Green Revolution and Agricultural Self-Sufficiency
• Subsidies and Support for Farmers
• Employment Trends and Sectoral Imbalance

• Tea
• Coffee
• Rubber
• Spices

• Agro-Complementary Occupations
• Animal Husbandry

• Types of Minerals:
  a) Metallic Minerals:  Iron ore, Manganese, Copper, and Bauxite.
  b) Non-Metallic Minerals: Mica, Lime Stone, Gypsum.

• Agro-based industries:
  a) Cotton Textile Industry
  b) Jute Textiles
  c) Silk Industry
  d) Sugar Industry
• Forest-based industries:
  a) Paper industry
• Mineral-based industries:
  a) Iron and steel industries
• Automobile Industry 
• Electrical and Electronic Industries
• Software Industry
• Heavy Engineering Industries
• The Meat - Packing Industry
• Major challenges of Indian Industries

• Coal
• Petroleum or Crude oil
• Natural Gas

• Thermal power
• Nuclear power

• Hydro power
• Solar Energy
• Wind Energy
• Biomass Energy
• Tidal and wave Energy

• On the basis of Region:
  A. Internal migration
  B. External Migration
• Classification by Duration:
  A. Short-term
  B. Long-Term

• Urbanization
• Distinct Phases of Urban Growth in India

• Personal Communication
• Mass Communication Systems
• Satellite Communication

• Types of Trade 
  1. Internal trade
  2. International trade
• Exports
• Imports

• Introduction
• Distribution of People
• Density
• Growth & Trends
• Characteristics of Population
• Real-Life Application
• Key Point Summary

• Boundaries and Neighbours
• Administrative Divisions
• Physiographic Divisions

• Nilgiri Hills
• Anaimalai
• Palani Hills
• Cardamom Hills
• Varusanadu and Andipatti Hills
• Pothigai Hills
• Mahendragiri Hills

• Javadhu Hills
• Kalvarayan Hills
• Servarayan Hills
• Kolli Hills
• Pachaimalai

• Gangetic Plains
• Coastal Plains : Konkan, Kanara, Malabar, Coromandel, Northern Circars

• Cauvery
• Palar
• Then Pennaiyar/Then Ponnaiyar
• Vaigai
• Thamirabarani

• Alluvial Soil
• Black Soil
• Red Soil
• Laterite Soil
• Saline Soil

• Warning System in India
• Disaster Management in India
• State Disaster Management plan
• General Survival Techniques

• Landslide 
• Flood
• Cyclone
• Drought
• Fire Accident
• Tsunami
• Earthquakes

• Landform
• Climate 
• Soil
• Irrigation

• Paddy
• Millets
• Pulses
• Oil Seeds
• Sugarcane
• Cotton
• Plantation crops

• Multipurpose River Valley Projects
• Mettur Dam
• Bhavani Sagar Dam
• Amaravathi Dam
• Krishnagiri Dam
• Sathanur Dam
• Mullaiperiyar Dam
• Vaigai Dam
• Manimuthar Dam 
• The Papanasam Dam 
• Parampikulam Aliyar Project
• Water Resource Management

• Special Economic Zones
• Manufacturing & Engineering Industry
• Automobile Industries
• Handlooms and Powerlooms 
• Sugar Industry
• Tourism Industry

• roadways
• railways
• waterways
• airways

• Types of Trade 
  1. Internal trade
  2. International trade
• Exports
• Imports

• The path to Constitution
• The Constituent Assembly

• Citizenship Act (1955) 
• Acquisition of Citizenship
• Loss of Citizenship 

• Right to constitutional remedies (Articles - 32)
• Suspension of Fundamental Rights
• Differences between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy

• Introduction
• List of Fundamental Duties

• Legislative relations
• Administrative relations
• Financial relations

• National Emergency (Article 352)
• State emergency (Article 356)
• Financial emergency (Article 360)

• Procedure of Amendment
• Types of Amendments

• Rajya Sabha:
  Qualification of the Members
  Term of House
  Election
• Lok Sabha:
  Qualification of the Members
  The term of the House
  Election
  Functions of the Lok Sabha
• The Speaker:
• Powers and Functions of the Parliament:

• Duties and Functions of Attorney General of India:

• The Governor:
• Appointment:
• Qualification:
• Powers and Functions of the Governor:
  Executive Powers
  Legislative Powers
  Financial Powers  
  Judicial Powers
  Discretionary Powers
  Emergency Powers
• Privileges of the Governor:

• The appointment of the Chief Minister:
• Powers and functions of the Chief Minister:
  - Relating to the Council of Ministers 
  - Relating to the Governor 
  - Relating to State Legislature
• Council of Ministers:
  - Other Provisions relating to Ministers
  - The functions and powers of the Council of Ministers

• The Legislative Assembly (Lower House)
• The Legislative Council (Upper House)

• Legislative powers
• Financial Powers
• Controls over the Executive

• High Courts:
• Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court:
  - Original Jurisdiction
  - Appellate Jurisdiction
  - Writ Jurisdiction
  - Supervisory Jurisdiction 
  - Court of Record

• Foreign Policy in the 1950s and 1960s

• Meaning

• Policy of Disarmament

• Difference between Domestic Policy and Foreign Policy
• Conclusion

• India and Afghanistan
• India and Bangladesh
• India and Bhutan
• India and China
• India and Maldives
• India and Myanmar
• India and Nepal
• India and Pakistan
• India and Sri Lanka

• BRICS:
  1. Reason for the formation of BRICS 
  2. Objectives of BRICS
  3. The financial architecture of BRICS
  4. BRICS payment system
  5. The factors that bolster co-operation among members
  
• OPEC:
  1. OPEC’s mission
  - How does OPEC help other countries?
  2. India’s relationship with OPEC
• Conclusion:

• Definition of GDP.

• Introduction
• Classical Definitions
• Keynes Approach to National Income / Neo-Classical Approach
• Modern Definitions

1. Primary Sector: (Agricultural Sector)
2. Secondary Sector: (Industrial Sector)
3. Tertiary: (Service Sector)

• Factors supporting Indian development

• Archaic Globalization
• Proto Globalization
• Modern Globalization

• Early Traders
• European Traders
• The Portuguese
• The Dutch
• The British 
• The Danes
• The French

• Evolution of MNC
• Growth of MNCs in India
• Reasons for the growth MNC
  1. Expansion of Market territory
  2. Marketing superiorities
  3. Financial Superiorities 
  4. Technological superiorities
  5. Product innovations
• Advantages of MNC
• Disadvantages of MNC

• Principles of Fairtrade Organization
• GATT: (General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs)
• World Trade Organization (WTO)
• Objectives of W.T.O
• Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs)

• Positive Impact
• Negative Impact
• Challenges of Globalization

• Introduction of Food security
• Importance of Food Security

• Public Distribution System
• Role of Consumer Cooperatives in Food Security

• Factors affecting Purchasing Power:
  1. Overpopulation
  2. Increasing prices of essential goods
  3. Demand for goods
  4. Price of goods affect the value of the currency
  5. Production and supply of goods
  6. Poverty and inequality

• Introduction
• Main Dimensions and Indicators
• Real-Life Application
• Key Point Summary

• Status of Nutrition
• Nutrition and Health Status in Tamil Nadu

1. Defence
2. Foreign policy
3. Conduct of periodic elections
4. Law and order
5. Public administration and provision of public goods
6. Redistribution of income and poverty alleviation
7. Regulate the economy

• Why Taxes?

• Progressive tax
• Proportionate taxes
• Regressive Taxes

• Introduction
• Sources
• Effects
• Measures to Control
• Cycle of Black Money
• Real-Life Application
• Key Point Summary

• Tax evasion penalties

1. Resource mobilisation
2. Reduction inequalities of income
3. Social welfare
4. Foreign exchange
5. Regional development
6. Control of inflation

• What benefits does industrialisation bring to an economy?

• Introduction
• Major Industrial Regions
• Minor Industrial Regions

• Industrialisation in the Colonial Period
• Post-Independence to early 1990s
• Industrialisation in Tamil Nadu - Liberalization Phase

• Automotive Clusters
• Truck and Bus Body Building Industry Clusters
• Textile Clusters
• Leather and Leather Goods Clusters 
• Fireworks, Matches, and Printing Cluster
• Electronics and Information Technology (IT) Clusters

• Education
• Infrastructure
• Industrial Promotion
  The following are some agencies that have played a key role in industrialization in the state
  1. SIPCOT (State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu)
  2. TANSIDCO (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation)
  3. TIDCO (Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation), 1965
  4. TIIC (Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Corporation Ltd.), 1949
  5. TANSI (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation Ltd.), 1965
• Issues with Industrialisation