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An element X has a valency of 2. Write the simplest formula for oxide of the element.
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What is the difference between a cation and an anion ? Explain with examples.
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The valencies (or charges) of some of the ions are given below :
Ion Valency Ion Valency (Charge) (Charge)
Sodium ion 1+ Nitrate ion 1–
Copper ion 2+ Sulphide ion 2–
Using this information, write down the formulae of :
- Sodium sulphide
- Copper nitrate
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Explain the formation of (i) sodium ion, and (ii) chloride ion, from their respective atoms giving the number of protons and number of electrons in each one of them. What is the reason for positive charge on a sodium ion and a negative charge on a chloride ion ?
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A particle X has 17 protons, 18 neutrons and 18 electrons. This particle is most likely to be :
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An element has an atomic number 12. How many electrons will be present in the K, L and M energy shells of its atom?
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A particle P has 18 electrons, 20 neutrons and 19 protons. This particle must be :
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What is an ion ? How is an ion formed ? Explain with the help of two examples of different ions.
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The valencies (or charges) of some of the ions are given below :
| Ion | Valency (Charge) | Ion | Valency (Charge) |
| Sodium ion | 1+ | Bromide ion | 1– |
| Ammonium ion | 1+ | Hydroxide ion | 1– |
| Calcium ion | 2+ | Sulphate ion | 2– |
| Lead ion | 2+ | Phosphate ion | 3– |
Using this information, write down the formulae of the following compounds :
(i) Sodium phosphate
(ii) Ammonium sulphate
(iii) Calcium hydroxide
(iv) Lead bromide
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‘Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion’. Comment.
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The electron distribution in an aluminium atom is
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Write down the electron distribution of chlorine atom. How many electrons are there in the L shell? (Atomic number of chlorine is 17).
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The electronic configuration of silicon is ——— and that of sulphur is ———.
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Which of these is not related to endoplasmic reticulum?
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The undefined nuclear region of prokaryotes are also known as
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Name the organelles which show the analogy written as under
Storage sacs of the cell——
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How do substances like carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) move in and out of the cell?
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Draw a well labelled diagram of a eukaryotic nucleus. How is it different from nucleoid?
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Which muscles act involuntarily?
- Striated muscles
- Smooth muscles
- Cardiac muscles
- Skeletal muslces
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