HSC Science (General) इयत्ता १२ वी - Maharashtra State Board Important Questions for Chemistry

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A living cell contains a solution which is isotonic with 0.3 M sugar solution. What osmotic pressure develops when the cell is placed in 0.1 M KCl solution at body temperature?

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A living cell contains a solution which is isotonic with 0.3 M sugar solution. What osmotic pressure develops when the cell is placed in 0.1 M KCl solution at body temperature?

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Pressure cooker reduces cooking time for food because _______.

Answer the following in one or two sentences.

What is osmotic pressure?

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What is osmotic pressure?

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What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions?

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What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions?

Derive the relationship between the degree of dissociation of an electrolyte and van’t Hoff factor.

The vapour pressure of water at 20°C is 17 mm Hg. What is the vapour pressure of solution containing 2.8 g urea in 50 g of water?

A solution of citric acid C₆H₈O₇ in 50 g of acetic acid has a boiling point elevation of 1.76 K. If K_b for acetic acid is 3.07 K kg mol^-1, what is the molality of solution?

A mixture of benzene and toluene contains 30% by mass of toluene. At 30°C, vapour pressure of pure toluene is 36.7 mm Hg and that of pure benzene is 118.2 mm Hg. Assuming that the two liquids form ideal solutions, calculate the total pressure and partial pressure of each constituent above the solution at 30°C.

The Henry’s law constant of a gas is 6.7 × 10^–4 mol/(L bar). Its solubility when the partial pressure of the gas at 298 K is 0.65 bar is ______.

State Raoult’s law. 

State Henry’s law.

The vapour pressures of pure liquids A and B are 0.600 bar and 0.933 bar respectively, at a certain temperature.
What is the mole fraction of liquid B in the solution when the total vapour pressure of their mixture is 0.8 bar?

For a very dilute solution, the osmotic pressure is given by π = n₂RT/V where V is the volume in L containing n₂ moles of nonvolatile solute. Establish the equation for molar mass of solute.

Give two points to explain why vapour pressure of solvent is lowered by dissolving nonvolatile solute into it.

Derive the expression for molar mass of solute in terms of boiling point elevation of solvent.

With the help of vapour pressure-temperature curves for solution and solvent, explain why boiling point of solvent is elevated when a nonvolatile solute is dissolved into it.

A solution containing 3 g of solute A (M = 60 g/mol) in 1 L solution is isotonic with a solution containing 8.55 g of solute B in 500 mL solution. What is the molar mass of B?