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Explain any two components of attitudes.
Concept: Nature and Components of Attitudes
Explain any three psychological models used to understand mental disorders.
Concept: Factors Underlying Abnormal Behaviour
What is cognitive dissonance?
Concept: Nature and Components of Attitudes
Explain briefly the multiple intelligences identified by Gardner?
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
Jasleen is high on critical thinking and can manipulate symbols to solve numerical problems. She is also high on the ability to understand one’s own feelings, motives, and desires. Which of the following intelligence is displayed by Jasleen?
- Spatial
- Logical-mathematical
- Interpersonal
- Intrapersonal
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
Assertion (A): The situation and circumstances in which one is placed influence one’s behaviour.
Reason (R): The situational influences are so powerful that individuals with similar personality traits respond to them in almost the same ways.
Concept: Individual Differences in Human Functioning
Explain the role of assessment in understanding psychological attributes.
Concept: Assessment of Psychological Attributes
Describe the key features of any two methods used for psychological assessment.
Concept: Assessment of Psychological Attributes
Explain the term intelligence.
Concept: Concept of Intelligence
Describe the PASS model of intelligence.
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
Read the case and answer the question that follows.
|
Alfred Binet, in 1905, was requested by the French government to devise a method by which students who experienced difficulty in school could be identified. Binet and his colleague, Theodore Simon, began developing questions that focused on areas not explicitly taught in schools those days, such as memory, and attention skills related to problem-solving. Using these questions, Binet determined which were ones that served as the best predictors of school success. Binet quickly realized that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa. Based on this observation, Binet suggested the concept of mental age, or a measure of intelligence based on the average abilities of children of a certain age group. This first intelligence test is referred to as the Binet-Simon Scale. He insisted that intelligence is influenced by many factors, it changes over time, and it can only be compared in children with similar backgrounds. |
Identify the approach on which the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale is based. Discuss its features.
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
Read the case and answer the question that follows.
|
Alfred Binet, in 1905, was requested by the French government to devise a method by which students who experienced difficulty in school could be identified. Binet and his colleague, Theodore Simon, began developing questions that focused on areas not explicitly taught in schools those days, such as memory, and attention skills related to problem-solving. Using these questions, Binet determined which were ones that served as the best predictors of school success. Binet quickly realized that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa. Based on this observation, Binet suggested the concept of mental age, or a measure of intelligence based on the average abilities of children of a certain age group. This first intelligence test is referred to as the Binet-Simon Scale. He insisted that intelligence is influenced by many factors, it changes over time, and it can only be compared in children with similar backgrounds. |
‘Binet quickly realized that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa’. Why do individuals differ in intelligence? Using examples, give reasons for your answer.
Concept: Individual Differences in Intelligence
Vijay's parents are confused as to what subjects should he choose in Grade 11. To know where his strengths lie, the School Counsellor suggested that he take an aptitude test. What form of aptitude test do you think would be given to him?
Concept: Special Abilities
Assertion (A): Children from disadvantaged homes, when adopted into families with higher socio-economic status, exhibit a large increase in their intelligence scores.
Reason (R): Environmental deprivation lowers intelligence while rich nutrition, good family background and quality of schooling increases intelligence.
Concept: Individual Differences in Intelligence
Ryan and Shireen are siblings brought up in the same environment. Ryan knows all the formulae in mathematics and can recall them as they are but cannot solve problems based on those formulae, whereas Shireen can use formulae to solve any kind of problem that are based on them. Explain the intelligence they both exhibit. Which approach is this theory based on?
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
Describe the model which states that intellectual activity involves the three interdependent functioning of neurological systems.
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
The cultural environment provides a context for intelligence to develop. How does the role of culture influence our understanding of intelligence? Explain.
Concept: Culture and Intelligence
Read the case study and answer the question that follows:
| When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a “useless” baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the “world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything.” Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the ‘advice’ they received and raised him with love and affection. “They are the richest people I know,” says Srikanth. |
We can see that Srikanth has the ability to adopt, shape and select the environment. Identify the theory of intelligence that would best support our understanding of Srikanth's intelligence.
Concept: Theories of Intelligence
Monika has to be assessed for her abilities of creativity and original thinking. The test to be used by the psychologist will involve the following:
Concept: Creativity and Intelligence
Formal assessment is objective, standardized and organized. Based on this information, choose the statements which are true for formal assessment.
- Formal assessment uses systematic testing procedures.
- It is always open to subjective interpretations.
- Based on the assessment, predictions about behavior can be made.
- It varies from case to case and from one assessor to another.
Concept: Assessment of Psychological Attributes
